REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1918 19 
makes impossible any marked variations as a result of the treatment 
though the per cent of wormy fruit for the unsprayed plots is some- 
what less than for the check trees. 
Attention is also called to the fairly uniform percentage of apples 
in the various plots showing the peculiar blemish designated as 
‘ shallow,”’ the check trees showing about 2 per cent higher than that 
for the plot sprayed but once and nearly three-fourths of a per cent 
lower than for the plot sprayed twice. These variations are really 
quitesmall. The figures given above show that in plot 1, 76 per cent 
of the wormy apples were injured by ‘‘ shallow,” 92 per cent of plot 
2, 95 per cent of plot 3 and 80 per cent of the yield from the check 
trees. In other words the second and third treatments with a poison 
spray apparently increase the percentage of ‘‘ shallow-affected”’ 
apples among the wormy by reducing the number injured in some 
other manner and apparently this gain is mostly in the elimination 
of side injury, though the figures do not contrast as strongly as one 
might wish. 
Poison and Tobacco for Codling Moth 
There has been considerable injury to apples in western New 
York during the last few years owing to young caterpillars hatching 
from late deposited eggs of the codling moth working just under the 
skin of the fruit and producing that characteristic and sometimes 
very general type of injury knownas “‘ shallow ’’ and by some growers 
confused with the work of second brood codling moth larvae. 
Investigations of earlier years have absolutely connected this type 
of injury with young caterpillars hatching from eggs deposited the 
last of June or early in July upon the smooth surface of the growing 
apples. The young larvae enter the fruit at almost any convenient 
point and excavate just under the skin a small gallery with a radius 
of approximately one-sixteenth of an inch and when this is completed, 
many at least, instead of going deeper into the apple, forsake the 
injury and migrate to the blossom end. One of the problems is to 
prevent this type of mischief. The apple is growing rapidly at 
the time the codling moth eggs are hatching and consequently it 
is nearly impossible to keep the fruit well covered with poison during 
this period. The spraying experiments of earlier years have shown 
comparatively little influence upon the reduction of the “ shallow ” 
type of injury except as the infestation in the orchard as a whole 
was reduced by the successful control of the codling moth in preced- 
ing seasons. 
Knowing that the period of oviposition for this pest was an 
- extended one, lasting a month or more, and that presumably indi- 
2 
