REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST 1918 9 
the fruit. It was this insect rather than the leaf roller which injured 
most of the apples in many localities. 
Red bugs. Injuries by red bugs are becoming increasingly 
abundant here and there in the State. Fruit growers suffer consider- 
able losses from these pests and frequently secure only indifferent 
results in control work due to variations in the time of hatching of 
the bugs and the further fact that spraying, in order to give the best - 
results, must be done while the bugs are small and their work rela- 
tively inconspicuous. 
San José scale. This serious pest of earlier years has attracted 
comparatively little attention the past two seasons. Spraying with 
lime sulphur wash at winter strength has uniformly resulted in satis- 
factory control and in not a few localities there has been but little 
breeding even in unsprayed orchards. The wet, cold weather of 
early summer has probably had an important influence on the develop- 
ment of this insect, and largely checked its breeding, though para- 
sites doubtless have rendered material assistance in controlling the 
scale. 
Pear thrips. This minute and destructive pest is sporadically 
abundant here and there in the pear-growing sections, specially in 
the Hudson valley, and despite the watchfulness of fruit growers 
there is likely to be considerable loss before the seriousness of the 
infestation is appreciated or the need of immediate action realized. 
Pear psylla. There have been some reports of injury by pear 
psylla though in many localities the insect has been only moderately 
abundant and in not a few almost absent. The cool weather and 
heavy rains have had a marked influence in preventing the pest 
from multiplying greatly. 
Grass and grain pests. The cool weather and abundant rains of 
last spring, as in 1917, were unfavorable to the development of 
sufficient grasshoppers to cause serious damage and in most sections 
these insects were not unusually abundant though toward the end 
of the season they were somewhat numerous in restricted localities. 
The white grub injury rendered probable by the abundance of 
May and June beetles in 1917 failed to develop in most localities. 
There was material injury in restricted areas though this was hardly 
comparable to that of 1915. Warning notices outlining probabilities 
were issued in early spring and it is very probable that in many 
localities the comparative freedom from damage was due to farmers 
taking precautions and not planting crops liable to injury, such as 
corn and potatoes, on land where conditions favored an abundance 
of white grubs. 
