Larvae and Pupae 79 



warped — there is no other expression, for there was 

 no visible movement — during almost two hours, to 

 an arc of a circle. By this time the jerking of the 

 muscles in the tube had ceased and the tail of the 

 pupa had shrunk from the ninth segment into the 

 eighth of the larval skin, in front of the tube. The 

 head of the pupa was now a complete cephalo-thorax 

 and lay entirely in the thorax of the larval skin, the 

 pupal breathing tubes plainly visible. The curved 

 position meanwhile changed to one almost parallel 

 with the bottom of the dish, the thorax being the 

 resting point and the abdomen slightly elevated, with 

 a twist to the right. The time was now 1 1:30 A. M. 



At 11:48 the head of the pupa had shrunk clear 

 away from the sides of the larval thorax and the tail 

 was well into the eighth larval segment, almost at its 

 forward margin. There still seemed to be tracheae 

 connected with the anal gills. The tubes of the pupa 

 were folded toward the head, the lateral and dorsal 

 hairs toward the middle of the back. The pupa was 

 gradually darkening by irregular pigment (?) spots. 



By 2 P. M. the pupa occupied about three-quarters 

 of the middle of the larval thorax and did not extend 

 to the larval neck. The tail was at the hind border 

 of the seventh larval segment. At 2:30 the wings 

 were developing rapidly and showing at the sides of 

 the pupal thorax, not yet bent much downward. 

 The larval abdomen was not now bent at all to the 

 right, but the last three segments of the pupa were 

 curved upward. The tracheae still led to the gills. 



At 2:50 the wings were perceptibly widened and 

 grown longer. The lower part of the thorax of the 



