84 Mosquitoes 



were called " Konopeion. " Perchance the expression 

 " What under the canopy?" dates back to a mosquito- 

 plagued Pharaoh. 



To come down to more certain and recent times. 

 In 1833 Dr. A. F. A. King discussed at length the 

 etiological relationship of mosquitoes to malaria. 

 Michel in 1847 described the ovoid bodies and the 

 pigment, as did also Prof. J. Jones a few years later. 

 In 1848 Dr. J. E. Nott published his opinion that the 

 mosquitoes transmit this disease. Laveran, a French 

 physician, in 1880 finally and conclusively proved the 

 cause of malaria to be the parasite. Flugge, Welch, 

 Ross, Manson, Pfeiffer, Bignani, Thayer, Grassi, Celli, 

 Koch, Dionisi, and scores of others have toiled with 

 infinite pains over the various phases of the problem. 



In 1894 Manson took up the theory, and from this 

 time may be said to date the present scientific inter- 

 est in the subject. He supposed that man took in 

 the parasites from water and dust, that the mosqui- 

 toes took theirs from man, that the flagellated forms 

 developed in the stomach of the insect, that finally 

 the flagellae broke loose and, after penetrating the 

 tissues of the insect, proceeded with their extra- 

 corporeal development and reproduction, being re- 

 turned to the dust and water. 



Surgeon-Major Ross, I. M. S., during his experi- 

 ments on the hypotheses of Laurens and Manson 

 in 1895, in India, proved that the parasites taken by 

 the mosquitoes from infected patients developed in 

 the stomach of the insect to the flagellated forms. 

 In 1897 he finally discovered the parasite in the tis- 

 sues of an Anopheles. In 1898, after experimenting 



