INSECTS INJURIOUS IN 1902. 17 
kind and thus make trouble for the farmer the following year. 
Farmers should practice clean farming; that is, in the fall rub- 
bish should be burned as far as possible. The Chinch Bugs hiber- 
nate in rubbish collected in corners, in old straw, in hay stacks, 
in corn shocks left in the field, etc. Fallen leaves in timber also 
afford winter quarters, and it will be found that grain fields next 
these sources where the bugs pass the winter will probably be the 
first to be infested the following spring. 
Recipe for Kerosene Emulsion: Dissolve one-half pound of 
soft or hard soap in one gallon of water, boiling it thoroughly. 
When the soap is dissolved remove the liquid from the fire and 
when boiling hot add two gallons of kerosene. This should now 
be mixed thoroughly by pumping it vigorously through a force 
pump or spray pump. ‘This may take five minutes. It should be, 
when properly mixed, like thick cream or clabbered milk. This 
stock emulsion will keep some time, many weeks in fact, and can be 
used as desired. 
GRreAS SHOPPERS OK LOCUSTS: 
The people of the Red River Valley and of counties adjoining 
have the unusually wet Spring to thank for freedom from these 
pests. This year injury from Grasshoppers has been confined to 
a few localities. 
Perham, Otter Tail county which always leads complaints of 
this kind, sent in the alarm through its county commissioner about 
June 15th, and the Entomologist at once went to that place. Hop- 
pers were found very plentiful on the old stubble. These were all 
the Lesser Migratory or White Mountain Locust (M. atlanis) 
and for the most part past the fourth molt, although some were 
found considerably younger. The most threatening area in this 
vicinity was a tract of. unplowed stubble containing 240 acres 
owned largely by nonresidents, who will not plow. Some farm- 
ers were found in this vicinity plowing in order to turn under the 
young hoppers, but all expressed uneasiness at the near presence 
of such a large tract of unplowed land, which is always a fertile 
breeding ground for the local forms of Grasshoppers. 
The situation was so serious that upon consultation with the 
%) 
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