PASTURE LANDS. 243 
during August and early September. In 1902, cornfodder 
was sown in the furrow on breaking and furnished a large 
amount of pasture for the flock in August. 
Rape is often mentioned as a supplementary sheep pas- 
ture. It has not done well on light or sandy soils on 
the farm. It requires a rich, heavy or black soil for good 
results and should be sown by July 15th at the latest. It 
resists frost and thus furnishes pasture after corn is frozen, 
and sheep relish it above all other crops. Early spring pas- 
ture is best furnished by winter rye, which may be pastured 
by May 10th. It is of great benefit in lambing season. 
Grain may be devoted to pasture and will furnish a large 
amount of feed as it can be eaten down two or three times 
if taken before the shoots appear. It is not often that grain 
will be devoted to this use. Second crop clover makes excel- 
lent late fall pasture after frost, and spring seeding if heavy 
and not pastured till very late, may be used in some in- 
stances. Grass makes good pasture for sheep at any season. 
The farm, more for experiment work than asan example, 
has fenced a twenty acre field into five small fields each 9x70 
rods. The sheep have access to each field from a lane run- 
ning along one end of the piece. A five year rotation of corn, 
oats, clover, timothy, winter rye and rape or other forage 
crop, is grown on these fields. The sheep run upon brush, 
but whenever it is deemed best they are turned on one of 
these crops, according to the season. Ten rods of moveable 
fencing confines them to the portion of the field they can use, 
and the rest is harvested in due season. 
Cattle.—Thestation has maintained a dairy herd but has 
lacked the means for experiments with feeds and milk pro- 
duction on an accurate, scientific basis. 
The period of winter feeding is somewhat longer than in 
the southern portions of the state. Ordinary pasture is not 
worth much before the last week in May. In many localities 
the wild pasture is very abundant, and cattle do well on it. 
The production of feed for wintering the stock will determine 
the number that can be kept. Where wild hay 1s available it 
isan important element insolving the problem at the outset. 
As the farm is cleared, more tame forage can be raised, es- 
pecially cornfodder and clover. Whether dairy cows are to 
