254 HZ MORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA. 
tain outbreaks where the cases were chronic. These tended 
to disturb our supposed information concerning the disease, 
particularly in reference to its rapid and invariable fatality. 
More recently an outbreak appeared under the observa- 
tion of the writer where all cases gave uniformly clear ante- 
mortem symptoms of cerebro-spinal meningitis, and yet ex- - 
aminations post mortem revealed in addition to theexpected 
lesions of cerebro-spinal meningitis, the characteristic he- , 
morrhages of hemorrhagic septicemia, and the organism 
which is supposed to be the specific cause of the disease was 
demonstrated beyond reasonable question. (See Minnesota 
Experiment Farm outbreak, provisional report by Dr. West- 
brook.) In this outbreak as in all the earlier ones, the mor- 
tality was very high, nine animals sickened and nine died. 
Symptoms.—The writer has had the privilege of study- 
ing closely the development and full history of seventeen 
cases. The temperatures were uniformly normal or subnor- 
mal, except in two cases where the temperature rose rapidly 
just before death. There was nothing in the nervous dis- 
turbances that was especially diagnostic, except that in 
several cases the skin has been hyper-sensitive. The subjects. 
have usually been disinclined to move about apparently be- ~ 
cause movement caused pain. In an outbreak which occur- 
red at the University Experiment Farm, and which came un- 
der the writer’s daily observation, the prominent symptoms 
in all cases were those of cerebro-spinal meningitis, but it. 
would be very misleading to suggest that these nervous dis- 
turbances are characteristic of haemorrhagic septicemia. 
Local lesions which correspond to the tumors of anthrax 
and symtomatic anthrax are very limited or wanting. The 
urine in many cases has been scanty or blood stained, and 
this is also true of the bowel discharges. The examinations 
post-morten are very much more definite and satisfactory. 
The blood is apparently normal. Subcutaneous hemorrha- 
ges arecommon and vary greatly in size and intensity; in 
some cases they are large and the hemorrhagic condition is 
marked. In other cases the hemorrhages are punctiform, 
scattered, and fewin number. The haemorrhages may appear 
almost anywhere in the subcutaneous tissues or involve any 
of the viscera. The spleen is not enlarged, but there may be: 
