DISCOVERIES OF CABRILLO AND VIZCAINO 13 



to-day, the one to the south being "I. S. Marco." 

 Possibly these were what are now called the Coronado 

 Rocks. Below this was a vast island, " I. de Parraros." 



On the mainland this interesting map shows New 

 Mexico and Zuni, Acoma, Cibola, Moqui, and other 

 Indian towns, many hundreds of miles to the south 

 of their correct position, in what is now Mexico. The 

 Gulf of California, on this map, is called "Mare Ver- 

 mero." This is one of the most interesting maps of 

 California, and is remarkably correct when we con- 

 sider the facilities which the early Spaniards had for 

 exploring the coast. 



A map dated 1787, while crude, is very correct, 

 showing the missions established by Fr. Junipero Serra. 

 The harbor of Ensenada is pictured much larger than 

 that of San Diego, but the general trend of the coast 

 is correctly, though crudely, indicated. When we 

 reach what is now Los Angeles County, latitude 

 thirty-three and one-half, curiously enough, the 

 islands of Santa Catalina, San Clemente, and San 

 Nicolas are omitted, though at that time they sus- 

 tained a large and vigorous population, well known 

 to the padres. At Santa Barbara but three islands 

 are shown — doubtless San Miguel, Santa Rosa, and 

 Santa Cruz. The omission of Santa Catalina, San 

 Clemente, and San Nicolas Islands on the map (1787) 

 is interesting, as they were well known, as shown by 

 the notes in the several histories of this early period. 

 One of the most interesting references to the islands 

 is found in a history of California and the Southwest 

 by Fray Geronimo de Zarate Zalmeron, covering the 

 period from 1538 to 1626. He refers as follows to the 

 arrival of Sebastian Vizcaino: 



