92 New York Stoic College of Forestry 



and even four males were seen attached to or clustered around a 

 single female. 



Actual egg deposition was not observed but newly laid egg 

 masses, which must quite certainly be connected with this species, 

 were found in twigs sent to me from Cranberry Lake after my 

 return to Columbus. These are laid in two masses diverging from 

 a central line and with the ends of the eggs scarcely below the 

 level of the bark. The position of the egg masses is indicated in 

 the figure (PI. Ill, fig. r;). 



Unquestionably the eggs must remain in the twigs over winter 

 for hatching in spring or early summer. 



The smallest nymph observed was 3 mm. in length, with the 

 head very short as seen from above ; the pronotum was somewhat 

 curved forward between the eyes ; the anterior part depressed 

 and the posterior part elevated. The crest was slightly elevated, 

 much less so than later. The apex half way upon the mesonotum ; 

 the mesonotum of equal length, forming about a half cylinder. 

 There are no wing pads but the hind quarter of the mesonotum 

 is slightly produced at lateral border. The abdomen is short, 

 roundingly narrowed to termiiial segment, which is cylindric, about 

 one-half longer than thick. The legs when contracted do not 

 show from above; the tibia flattened and in natural position at 

 rest are scarcely visible. 



The largest nymph is 7.5 mm, long and about one-half as wide; 

 brown-gray, mottled distinctly with white. The head is scarcely 

 visible from above and with the eyes is as wide or a trifle wider 

 than the pronotum. The pronotum is elevated, the central portion 

 rugose, the posterior border produced into an acute process ex- 

 tending over to the meso- and on to the base of the mctanotum. 

 The mesonotal wing pads reach the second abdominal segment and 

 overlap the metanotal wing pads which reach about the same point, 

 the hinder border paralleling the mesonotal pads. The abdominal 

 segments 2-7 have a pair of short depressed spurs near the middle 

 line and close to the hind edge. Beneath it is distinctly flattened 

 and the venter is greenish. 



The deposition of eggs in the tAvigs or small bi-anches, mostly 

 in the cambium, results in a distorted growth, the character of 

 which is quite evident from comparison of scars of different ages 

 (Fig. 37) measured by the age of twig or branch. Eggs are 

 mainly, if not entirely, deposited in twigs of the previous year's 

 growth and the result of the first year's growth of new tissue is 

 a deep fissure with protruding lips on the side, the central strip 

 of bark apparently having dried up and broken away. vVnother. 

 year's growth fills in the fissure and still further enlarges the bulb- 

 like swelling of the twig and later years add thickness to the swell- 

 ing with the growing branch, perhaps ultimately obliterating the 

 scar entirely but in some instances quite evidently causing a 

 weakened spot that may result in the breaking of the branch. . 



