Occasional Papers of the Muscitni of Zoology 7 



heavy beech-maple forest. Several types of habitat are rep- 

 resented in the clearing. Some of the cleared ravines con- 

 tain a thick growth of sedges and Iris ; the higher land is cov- 

 ered chiefly with grass, with patches of upland sedges and 

 rushes. In parts of the clearing blackberries and other shrubs 

 have grown up to form thickets, and in many places, especially 

 along the edges of the ravines, second-growth trees of oak, 

 maple, and beech grow among the thickets or form small 

 groves. 



In the vicinity of the preserve several other types of habitat 

 are found. In the cleared ravines and flood plains there are 

 moist meadows of close-cropped grass and hollows filled with 

 luxuriant growths of lizard's tail, cut-grass, and other mois- 

 ture-loving plants. On the higher ground there are roads and 

 other areas of bare and sparsety vegetated dry soil, cultivated 

 fields and orchards, thickets of tall w-eeds, and considerable 

 areas covered with various types of shrub and young tree 

 growth. 



The Warren Woods was the only place in the region where 

 any considerable extent of untouched forest was seen, and is 

 probably one of the few such areas remaining in the south- 

 western part of the state. Most of the other habitats found 

 on the preserve are of general occurrence throughout the 

 region. A few of them are better represented in other parts 

 of the county than in the vicinity of the preserve ; the marsh 

 habitats are not as well developed there, for example, as at 

 New Buffalo and around Klute's lakes, south of Three Oaks. 



The majority of the habitats of the inland region have been 

 modified from the original condition in greater or less degree. 

 On the preserve all of the area in clearing and about half of 

 the forested portion have been and are at present being heavily 

 pastured by horses and cattle; as a result conditions in this 



