Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology 3 



are known locally as the Grand Marais. Most of my collect- 

 ing was done in three localities : the marshy regions at New 

 Butit'alo ; the region about the Warren Woods, near Three 

 Oaks ; and the dune region along Lake Michigan between 

 Harbert and Bridgman, together with a narrow strip of the 

 flat, sandy country immediately behind the dunes. I use the 

 general term "Sawyer Dunes" for this dune region, since the 

 little village of Sawyer lies about midway between Harbert 

 and Bridgman. 



Berrien County is characterized by level land with a rather 

 sandy soil. Streams are few and sluggish, and the larger 

 ones are heavily laden with silt. The whole region is shut off 

 from Lake Michigan by a wall of sand dunes, which are best 

 developed between Sawyer and Bridgman: here they reach a 

 height of nearly four hundred feet above the level of the 

 lake, in one or two cases, and extend back from the shore for 

 a distance of a mile or more, forming two or three series of 

 dune ridges with deep valleys between them. At intervals of 

 three or four miles there are small creeks of clear water, 

 which break through the dunes to the lake shore only to sink 

 into the beach sands and disappear. All the streams which 

 flow into Lake Michigan in this region broaden out just above 

 their mouths to form small pools or extensive ponds, depend- 

 ing on the amount of water that they carry. Thus the Galien 

 River widens out at New Buffalo to form a large marsh, 

 -which figures even on recent maps as Lake Pottawattamie ; 

 and the smaller creeks form quiet little backwaters in the 

 fore-dunes or shallow pools on the beach itself, directly con- 

 nected with the lake only for brief periods following heavy 

 •on-shore winds when the water driven across the beach by 

 the waves unites with the water in the pools to cut temporary 

 outlets across the sand. 



