38 
nothing of the experiment in a wakened state. An hour later I repeated 
the experiment in a wakened state with the same syllables. It 
appeared that the syllables could then be memorised with consider- 
ably less difficulty. This experiment was repeated several days 
every time with different pairs of syllables. To avoid the objection 
that one possibly memorises better in a wakened state, | made them 
learn by heart different syllables, in the same state during four days, 
at the same time of the day, and it appears that these must be 
read far more often in a wakened state. 
The influence of subconscious psychical complexes is clear from 
the considerably diminished difficulty. Another clear proof of the 
influence of subconscious psychical complexes upon the consciousness 
is afforded by the following case. A patient in a rather advanced 
state of tuberculosis of the lungs complained of bilious eolie which 
necessitated an operation. Some twenty years previously | had often 
treated the patient hypnotically, and therefore my colleague Koc 
consulted with me as to the possibility of performing the operation 
under hypnosis. We agreed to have everything prepared for narcosis 
in order to make immediate use thereof in case of insufficient effect 
of hypnotic suggestion. Fortunately this was not necessary. During 
an hour and a quarter the patient was kept under hypnosis, insensi- 
bility being suggested all the while. The operation complicated by 
synechia of the gallbladder was completed without the least disturbance. 
The patient did not give the slightest sign of pain for a single 
moment. Some time after the operation the patient awoke and 
recollected nothing of the operation. Nevertheless all that had happened 
during the operation appeared to be present in his subeonsciousness, 
for brought under hypnosis anew he very well recollected that 
Prof. Kocn had said: “Keep the hands off’. “Here I have a stone”. 
“Here is another’. And no more had been said during the operation. 
From this the existence of the subconscious psychical complexes 
is evident, but their influence upon the consciousness appeared clearly 
from another experiment. On account of his tuberculosis his doctor 
had forbidden him to smoke, but he seemed so addided to it that he 
smoked all day. To rid him of this habit I suggested to him under 
hypnosis that he had lost all desire to smoke, and since then (+ one 
year) the patient does not smoke any longer. He has lost all inclina- 
tion. He is unaware of the imparted suggestion, which he only 
recollects in hypnotic state and not in a wakened state. From this 
the influence is therefore evident of the subconscious suggestion 
upon consciousness. 
Between conscious and subconscious psychical complexes there 
