Zoology. — “On Budding and coalescence of Buds in Fungia 
Jungites and Fungia actiniformis.” By H. Boscuama. (Commu- 
nicated by Prof. C. Pa. Siurrer). 
(Communicated at the meeting of November 26, 1921). 
Budding in adult corals of the genus Fungia was first described 
by SeMPER') in a specimen which had most likely been thrust upside 
down fortuitously. In their further growth the septa had bent round 
the border and in various places new mouths had arisen on the 
original underside, round which the Jater formed septa were arranged 
more or less radially. 
From this Semper concludes: “Es geht daraus hervor, dass alle 
diese Polypen ohne Ausnahme die Fähigkeit besitzen, an ganz be- 
hebigen Stellen ihres Körpers neue Individuen zu erzeugen, wenn 
durch irgend eine Ursache — physiologisch-chemische oder rein 
mechanische — ein besonderer Anstoss zum Hervortreiben plastischer 
Massen gegeben ist.” ®) 
Judging from the figure (Taf. XXI, fig. 3) some at least of these 
buds are to be considered as calicular buds as they are lying entirely 
on the curled-up border. Of course, it is within the bounds of pro- 
bability that they are lateral buds generated through the broadening 
of a number of spines into septa, a process easily to be watched 
in the ordinary lateral budding. 
Lateral budding (at the underside of the disc, which side corre- 
sponds to the lateral side of other corals) is of rather frequent 
occurrence in Fungia fungites (L.).*) This mode of asexual reproduction 
has been described at length by DöperreiN. *) However, he does not 
assign a cause for this budding, probably because DöprrLEIN did not 
work with fresh material. In a large number of Pungia fungites, 
') C. SEMPER. Ueber Generationswechsel bei Steinkorallen und das M. 
Edwards’sche Wachsthumsgesetz der Polypen. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool. 
Bd. XXII. 1872. 
Oele pads 215. 
3) SEMPER reports also a case of budding at the underside of a specimen 
of Fungia Linnaei Val. (= F. repanda Dana) (l.c. pag. 275, note 1.) 
*) L. DöpERLEIN. Die Korallengattung Fungia. Abh. der Senckenb. naturf. 
Ges. Bd. XXVII, 1902. 
