MUSCLES OF CERATODUS 



343 



Ciicullaris is separated from it in a 14 mm. embryo — as was 

 described by Greil. 



It is not known whether the Constrictores branchiales and 

 Levatores arcmim are present in Protopterus and Lepidosiren. 

 Pinkus (1 S95) did not mention any individual branchial muscle 



Text-fig. 20. 

 cuiterLOf 



Ceralobr i -y~ 



uiter/iod. 



in his description of the cranial nerves of Protopterus. The 

 Constrictores are homologous with those of Selachii, the 

 Levatores with those of Ganoids and Amphibia. 



Subarcuales recti and Cleido-branchialis. — 

 The Subarcualis rectus i. s. Branchio-hyoideus was first described 

 by Fiirbringer (1897), who stated that it is a muscle passing from 

 the Ceratobranchial i. to the Ceratohyal. It was also described 

 in the following year by Jaquet. Greil stated that it is developed 



A a 2 



