460 W. N. F. WOODLAND 



is at least twice the length of the testicular region and the 

 two regions together occupy about two-thirds of the 

 entire bodj'-length. The post-ovarian region is incon- 

 spicuous. The head region is, like the posterior regions, 

 flattened, and mucli narrower than the body, is bluntly 

 pointed, with irregular edges — in fact Caryophyllaeiform ; 

 it bears no longitudinal grooves and is very contractile. 

 The post-ovarian vitellaria form a small group continuous 

 with the anterior broad marginal strands. Eggs (in 

 balsam) measure 32- 9-40- 2 microns in length and 20-1- 

 25-6 microns in breadth. Parasitic in the intestine of the 

 ISiluroid Chrysichthys auratus, Anglo-Egyptian 

 Sudan. 



On the Caryophyllaeidae, Gyrocotylidae and 

 Amphilinidae, and Cestodaria in general. 



Having re-defined the genera of the Caryophyllaeidae, 

 it is necessary to re-define the family, since previous definitions 

 not only alone refer to C a r y o p h y 1 1 a e u s and A r c h i g e t e s 

 forms, but appear to me to be defective in emphasizing some 

 of the more important features displayed by these genera. 



The family was apparently first defined, with some degree of 

 precision, by Claus in 1885 (4), stress being laid upon the 

 elongated, unsegmented body, wrinkled anterior border, 

 absence of hooks, eight or more main excretory canals, the 

 general features of the genital apparatus and simple develop- 

 ment, and subsequent authors have not improved upon this 

 definition to any extent. In re-defining the Caryophyl- 

 laeidae we have to distinguish them from the two other 

 families of the Cestodaria, viz. the Gyrocotylidae and 

 Amphilinidae, and therefore the features to be emphasized 

 are that the body is usually not flattened to the extent that 

 the C est ode strobila is, that calcareous corpuscles are 

 entirely absent, that they never possess true circular suckers, 

 that sucking grooves or bothria may be present (always different 

 in number, form, and arrangement to those found in merozoan 

 Cestoda) in some forms (C . c a t o s t o m i , C . h e x a c o t y 1 e , 

 and Archigetes brachyurus), that the vagina and 

 uterus form a complete circuit with a single common opening 



