652 C. H. MARTIN. 
The only method of reproduction I have found in the 
vermiform individual is by the formation of internal ciliated 
buds, which will be described later (Pl. 15, fig. 10). 
Hincks puts forward the possibility of the vermiform indi- 
vidual giving rise to other vermiform individuals, but the 
single preparation on which this interpretation is based is 
not convincing, and I have never been able to see anything 
of the kind in any of the vermiform individuals I have 
examined, 
8. Tue Cintiare Empryos. 
It is rather remarkable that the only observations on the 
free ciated embryo are due to the earliest workers on this 
form—Claparéde and Lachmann and Strethill Wright. In 
both these cases, however, the embryos were released by an 
operation, and it is to this fact that Claparéde and Lach- 
mann’s statement that the embryos in Ophryodendron are 
of two sizes is probably due, since the large ciliated embryos 
divide in the broad pouch to give rise to the normal small 
free embryos (Pl. 15, fig. 7).  Ciliate embryos are formed 
both in the proboscidiform and the vermiform individuals 
of Ophryodendron abietinum. I have only seen the 
ciliated embryos of the proboscidiform individual actually 
escape on five occasions, although, especially at Plymouth, I 
wasted much time in watching for it. his was partly due to 
the fact that a considerable period, over twelve hours, during 
which the embryos divide, intervenes between the time at 
which the cilia of the embryos in the brood pouch become 
active and the final escape of the embryos, and partly possibly 
to the evil effect of the coverslip. Probably the best method 
would be to keep the Ophryodendron in a watch-glass, but 
here the extremely small size of the embryos would present a 
great difficulty, though it is possible that this might be partly 
obviated by the use of a water immersion objective. 
The first sign of the formation of the ciliate embryo is the 
rounding off of a central block of protoplasm (PI. 15, fig. 6), 
