106 PROCEEDINGS OF TITE ROYAL SOCIETY OF QUEENSLAND. 
series of movements took place. It resulted in the definite 
ridges and troughs between Australia and Fiji, forming 
the strong north-west—to—south-east trend-lines. This series 
of movements fractured the older west-to-east trend-line 
along the north-east coast of New Guinea. The volcanic 
islands of that coast and New Britain were folded or 
faulted downwards and the great ocean deeps created. The 
old schistose peniplain of Eastern New Guinea, New 
Ireland, and other groups of the area were elevated to a 
differential extent. Since that time there have been minor 
movements of adjustment complementary to the uphft when 
c.g. Torres Strait rift valley was formed, and perhaps the 
fault scarp mentioned by Professor David as occurring on 
Mt. Suckling. 
With reference to these movements, it is of interest to 
note that the trend-lines of the first and third of these series 
movements meet in the north island of New Zealand, repre- 
sented by the Tonga—Kermadec—New-Zealand ridge and the 
Eastern-New-Guinea— New-Caledonia—Norfolk-Island —and— 
Auckland-Peninsula ridge. The centre of the voleanic 
activity of New Zealand is found where these two lines: 
meet. Active and extinct craters can be traced in both 
directions. Professor Bonney (‘‘ Voleanoes,’’ 1902, p. 260) 
states that the ‘‘north island (of New Zealand) is probably 
situated at the junction of two zones of weakness.’’ New 
Zealand geologists record a great outbreak of volcanic 
activity extending from the Miocene through the Pliocene 
period. 
(4) Relation to Australia.—The relation of these move- 
ments to the general uplift of Eastern Australia in late 
Tertiary times is not altogether clear. The following facts 
are interesting and instructive :— 
The coast-line of North-eastern Austraha in its general 
trend is apparently related to the third series of movements. 
Dr. Walkom, in his paper on the Mesozoic of Eastern 
Australia, records a N. 30 W. trend in the folds of the rocks 
of that period. He merely states that they are post Lower 
Cretaceous. The dominant faults of North-eastern Aus- 
tralia have a north and north-western trend, this faulting 
being accompanied by the foundering of portion of the east 
coast. The great outbreak of alkaline eruptions in Aus- 
tralia is generally considered to be of Phocene age. The 
