66 ENDOPARASITES RECORDED IN QUEENSLAND. 
MOSsQuvITOES. 
Bird malaria, Plasmodium (Proteosoma) spp. is trans~ 
mitted elsewhere, as far as known, by species of culicine 
mosquitoes (Minchin. Inti. Stucy Protozoa, 1912, p. 358), 
including Stegomyia jasciata (p. 364) (=. calopus), which 
is common in Eastern Queensiand. 
In reference to Haiteridum (Hemoproteus), which is. 
so common in Queensland birds, Minchin states (l.c., p. 357), 
that the invertebrate host, so far as known, is a Hippoboscid. 
fly, but as these are very uncommon on our native birds, 
especially the passerines, one is led to believe that in 
Australia, as leaSt, some other group of Diptera must act. 
as transmitters, ¢.9., some mosquito, probably a Culicine. 
In regard to the reptilian Hamocysiiwm parasites, the- 
carrier in the case oi the tortoises is no doubt a freshwater 
leech, some of which occur ectoparasiticaily on Queensland. 
species of Chelodina and EHmydura, whilst in the case of 
lizards it may be a mosquito, or perhaps a tick. 
Dr. Bancroft did good work in tracing the life history 
of the filarial worm, with which his fathers name is 
associated (F. baneroiti, Cobbold). Theobald has given. 
a formidable list of mosquitoes both Culicine »nd Anopheline- 
which can act as transmitters. (Castellani and Chalmers. 
Man. Tiop. Med., p. 666, 1126). Amongst them are some 
occurring in (jueensland, e.g., T’eniorhynchus (Mansoma, 
Mansonoides), uniformis, Theob.; Anopheles annulipes, 
etc. Perhaps Stegomyia calopus (S. jasciata) may aiso 
do so,* since S. pseudoscutellaris, Theob., is a transmitter 
in Fijif ana probaodly also in New Guinea, where it occurs 
too (Brienl, 1915). 
Dirofilaria immitis is carried by Anopheles sp. in 
Europe (Manson, Trop. Diseases, p. 564). Bancroft has 
found that at least one Culicine species, C. fatigans (C. 
skusii) can transmit it in Queensland. 
We co not yet know the carriers (probably mosqu.toes) 
of the various species of filarial worms so commonly 
parasitic in Queenslan. bircs, and to a much less extent, 
in marsupials. 
*Theobald. Monogr. Culicide of the World, 1, p. 293, qeotes this 
as a host. 
{Babr. Filariasis, ete., in Fiji. 
