200 



— 19i X are still visible on 215 ,< 100 >; 160 mM. '). The extre- 

 mely thin lamellae and the slight thickness of the enamel prove 

 conclusively thath ihe tooth is to be referred to El. primigenius; it 

 is remarkable however, that the enamel bands are finely folded 

 which occurs only rarely in El. primigenius. The remain.s of Rhi- 

 noceros antiqiiitatis are three successive teeth, of one set of the 

 right lower-jaw, viz. F 3, Ml, and M 2. They are but little worn 

 down and have therefore belonged to a young animal; they must 

 undoubtedly i>e referred (o Rh. antiquitatis; the vevy thick enamel, 

 the distinct striae of the enamel bands, the deep depressions and 

 the trifling convexity of Ihe teeth, all point in the same direction, 

 while for liie rest the teeth are almost quite similar to a set 

 |)ictured by J. Bkandt '). The tooth from Equis caballus is also a M 

 of the lower-jaw. 



From Oosteriiout, however, wiiere already previously teeth and bones 

 from Elephas meridioiialis Nesti ') had been found in a superficial layer 

 of loam, ill a locality uol precisely indicated, remains of bones and 

 fragments of teeth were also sent to us, that belonged to this species. 

 They were met with at a depth of 34,75 M. below Amslerdam-level 

 in ihe first of five borings executed for the Water-company of 

 Western Noord-Brabant. The wells are situated to Ihe left of Ihe 

 road from Breda to Oosterhout on the Vraggel moor. 



The bones from the well cannot be further determined, but a 

 fragment of a tooth, most likely the posterior part of a M. 1 sup. 

 sin. is distinctly indicative of Elephas meridioiialis. It preseiits-3 x 

 with a length of 7^ and a breadth of 8-9 cenlims, while the height 

 minus the root is about 8 cM. The fragment was not chewed down, 

 but was sawn, in order to get an opportunity of studying its 

 structure. 



Indicative of El. meridionalis are: 1° the extraordinary thickness 

 of the lamellae, which appears already from the lamallae-formula; 

 2' the extreme thickness of the enamel (up to 4 mM); 3° the large 

 breadth and the small height of the tooth ; 4" the way in which 

 the chewing-figures originate, namely through fusion of the four 

 annuli (see figure). 



Not only do we recognize in this fragment all the characteristics 

 of El. meridionalis, but those characteristics even become prominent 

 in the extraordinary thickness of the lamellae and the enamel. 



Dr. J. Steenhuis kindly wrote us that the Geological Survey 



') H. PoHLiG. Nova Acta Acad. Car. Leop. 53, p. 251. 

 ') J. Brandt. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersbourg. 1849. T. XI. 

 1) L. RuTTEN. Die Diluvialen Saugetiere der Niederlande. 1909. 



