2 University of Michigan 



on a side, bounded in a general way by Silver Lake, Howe's 

 Lake, Deerton and Deer Lake. It is underlaid with sand- 

 stone, which, though never far from the surface, only out- 

 crops along the lakes and rivers. The Whitefish River forms 

 the main drainage system for the region. 



In general the country is flat without notable relief. Four 

 lakes were studied in detail. Whitefish Lake, which occupies 

 a deep gorge through which runs the Whitefish River, has 

 been made famous by Mr. Shiras" flash light pictures of ani- 

 mals. Howe's Lake is a rather large, shallow body of water 

 with a muddy bottom and soft and marshy shores. It was 

 a favorite resort for loons, black ducks and mergansers. 

 Silver Lake is much smaller than the preceding and the shores 

 are heavily forested. Barn swallows, house wrens, bronzed 

 grackles and red-winged blackbirds werg found breeding there. 

 Cranberry Lake is little more than a small pond in a spruce- 

 cedar-tamarack swamp a mile northeast of Peter White 

 Camp. Here the Lincoln's sparrow was heard singing in July, 

 and white-throated sparrows were abundant. A fifth and 

 larger lake. Deer Lake, is situated near Deerton. Its shores 

 are largely rocky except for a sandy area on the east. As few 

 birds were noted at Deer Lake, it is of little importance in this 

 report. 



The whole region is covered with a heavy hardwood forest 

 composed chiefly of hard maple, yellow birch and beech, with 

 local mixtures of hemlock. White pine is scattered through- 

 out the forest but never occurs in pure stands. Basswood 

 and ironwood are usually present, while in the swamps spruce, 

 balsam and arbor-vitae abound. Along the rivers the flats are 

 covered with white elm and black ash; of the former a few 

 immense trees occur in the hardwood forest about Silver Lake. 



