72 BOTANY. 



hairs, or none. Ex. Isolepis, Scirpus, Eriophorum ; Eriophorum angusti- 

 folium {j)l. 55, fig. 6), a, floAver, 6, fruit. 



Tribe 10. CyperecB. Flowers hermaphrodite, few or many : generally from 

 one- to three-flowered ; perigone rarely present, setaceous ; caryopsis crusta- 

 ceous, compressed, sometimes mucronate, rarely cuspidate. The most cele- 

 lirated species of this tribe is the Papyrus antiquorum, or the plant furnishing 

 the papyrus of the ancients ( pi. 56, fig. 9). Another well-known genus is 

 Cyperus. C. officinalis {jd. 55, fig. 7) a, the lower part of the stalk ; b, the 

 upper part ; c, a scale ; d, the reproductive apparatus. 



iSub-class 2. Petaloidece. 



Flowers having usually a perianth consisting either of verticillate leaves, 

 which may sometimes be separated into calyx and corolla, and are often 

 colored (petaloid), or of a few whorled scales. Occasionally the perianth is 

 abortive. 



a. Flowers Incomplete, often Unisexual, without a Proper Perianth, or with 



a Few Verticillate Scales. 



Order 12. Restiace^, or Eriocaulonace^, the Restia, or Cord-Rush 

 Family. FloAvers frequently unisexual, perianth glumaceous, sometimes none. 

 Stamens definite, perigynous when two or three in number opposite the inner 

 glumes ; anthers usually one-celled. Ovary one or more celled, sometimes 

 composed of several carpels ; ovules solitary, pendulous ; styles and stigmas 

 two or more. Fruit capsular, or nucumentaceous. Seeds pendulous : embryo 

 lenticular, outside mealy albumen, remote from the hilum. Herbs or under- 

 shrubs, with narrow, simple leaves, or none, naked or sheathed columns, and 

 spiked or capitate bracteated flowers. They are found chiefly in America and 

 New Holland. They have few properties of importance. The tough, wiry 

 stems of Willdenovia teres, and some Restias, are used for making baskets 

 and brooms. Eriocaulon septangular e is a native of Britain and of North 

 America. 



Order 13. Naiadace^, or Potame^, the Naias, or Pondweed Family. 

 FloAvers hermaphrodite or unisexual. Perianth of two or four herbaceous 

 or scaly pieces, often deciduous, sometimes none. Stamens definite, hypo- 

 gynous. Ovary free, of one or more carpels ; ovule solitary ; style one or 

 none ; stigma entire, rarely two- to three-parted. Fruit dry, one-celled, 

 usually indehiscent. Seed solitary, erect, or pendulous, exalbuminous ; embryo 

 straight or curved, usually with a lateral slit for the plumule ; radicle large. 

 Plants living in fresh and in salt water, having cellular leaves with parallel 

 veins and inconspicuous flowers. They are found in various parts of the 

 world. They have no properties of importance. Zostera marina is 

 used in the dried state for stuffing mattresses, and has been recommended 

 for hospitals. There are nineteen known genera, and upwards of seventy 

 V2 



