168 BOTANY. 



compound, of a single pair of leaflets, which are distinct, or else united 

 by their borders, more rarely reduced to a single leaflet. Example : 

 Bauhinia. 



Tribe 7. Cynometrem. Calyx four- to five-partite, the divisions imbricated, 

 reflexed, or flowering. Petals four to five, nearly equal, more rarely 0. 

 Support of the ovary free, extremely short. Ovule single or double. 

 Leaves compound, of one or more pairs of leaflets often tending to alter- 

 nation, with or without a terminal leaflet. Example : Copaifera. 



Tribe 8. Dimorphandreöß. Calyx campanulate, regular, five-toothed. 

 Five petals almost equal. Stamens five, fertile, nearly equal, alternating 

 with an equal number of sterile ones. Leaves singly or doubly pinnate. 

 Example: Mora. 



Some species of Caesalpinieae have medicinal properties, as the Cassias, 

 from which senna is derived. Tamarindus indicus, or the Tamarind tree, 

 has a fruit with a laxative pulp. Ceratonia siliqua is the carob tree or 

 Locust tree, the fruit of which is supposed to have supplied St, John in the 

 wilderness. The Brazil wood of commerce is derived from Ca^salpinia 

 braziliensis. Ha^matoxylon campeachianum furnishes logwood. Balsam 

 of Copaiva is derived from various species of Copaifera. The seeds of 

 (lymnocladus canadensis or coffee tree of the Western States, are some- 

 times roasted and used as a substitute for cofl^ee. Gleditschia triacanthos is 

 the Honey locust of the Middle and Southern States, conspicuous for its 

 numerous sharp spines. 



Sub-order 3. MlmosecE. Sepals and petals valvate in aestivation, regular ; 

 the latter hypogyuous, distinct, or more or less united. Stamens as many 

 as the petals, or very numerous (five to two hundred), hypogynous or inserted 

 into the base of the corolla. Embryo straight. Leaves paripinnate or 

 bipinnate. Flowers most frequently polygamous. 



Tribe 1. Parhiece. Estivation of the calyx and corolla imbricated. 

 Examples : Erythrophloeum, Parkia. 



Tribe 2. Acacieee. Estivation of calyx and corolla valvate. Examples : 

 ■•^Algarobia, ^Mimosa, *Acacia. Species of Acacia furnish various gums, 

 as Gum arabic. Gum Senegal, Barbary gum, &c. The pinnate leaves of 

 Mimosa sensitiva and pudica display a peculiar irritability when touched, 

 and are hence called sensitive plants. 



Glycyrrhiza glabra. Liquorice wood (Southern Europe)(^^. 70,^^.14); a-g. 



Phaseolus vulgaris (Europe) {j^l. TO, fig. 11). 



Indigofera anil. Indigo (East Lidies) {pi. 70, fig. 13); «, fruit and flower, 

 bearing branch ; J, a flower of the natural size ; c, anthers ; d-e^ legumes ; 

 /', seed. 



Genista tinctoria (Europe) {jjl. 70, fig. 12) ; /*, the stigma. The remaining 

 figures are easily recognisable. 



Coronilla varia (Europe) {pi. T^.,fig. 10); a, flowering branch; J, calyx: 

 <•, vexillum ; ^7, ala ; e., carina;/* stamens; ^, stigma; A, legume; *', ditto 

 opened ; h-l^ seed. 



Acacia vera. Gum arabic tree (Northern Africa) {pi. 70, fi^. 6) ; the 

 different figures will readily be understood. 

 168 



