502 ZOOLOGY. 



genera Macroglossus, Harpyia, and Ceplialotes are at once Asiatic and 

 Oceanic. 



The aquatic Carnivora, the Pinnipedia or seals, are again rather northern 

 and temperate than southern and tropical. These animals are met, with 

 the Ejtina of the Sirenidia group, generally near and beyond the arctic 

 circle. 



Among terrestrial Carnivora, if Ave examine first the Plantigrada we find 

 that they are absent from Australia, the oceanic provinces, and the tem- 

 perate part of South America. In North America five or six species. In 

 both tropical America and Asia they abound most ; the genus Ailurus 

 belongs exclusively to the latter country, whilst Cercoleptes is tropical 

 American. The genera Nasua and Procyon are peculiar to the New 

 World; the genus Arctitis is peculiar to Asia. The badgers (Meles) are 

 chiefly European and North American ; the bears are more widely spread. 



The Digitigrada have a wider distribution than the Plantigrada. Aus- 

 tralia possesses one species of dog ; the oceanic provinces have a dog and 

 a Paradoxurus ; and temperate South America has several skunks, dogs 

 (Canis), otters, and cats. The cats, dogs, and martens are distributed over 

 a wider area than the other genera. The genus llyxna is African and 

 Asiatic ; the genus Bassaris is tropical American ; the genera Cynictis, Pro- 

 teles, and Pyraena belong to tropical Africa. The ichneumons are chiefly 

 African and Asiatic. The Lingsang and Potomophilus are limited to tro- 

 pical Asia. The greatest development of this division is in tropical Africa 

 and Asia, next in Central Asia, then in tropical America. 



The Quadrumana or monkeys, as already remarked, divide into two 

 groups, one exclusively proper to the Old, the other to the New "World. 



The first section of the Quadrumana of the Old World is that of Pro- 

 simian, Lerauridae, or makis, which is distributed over western and central 

 Africa, the island of Madagascar and adjacent islands, the south Asiatic 

 provinces, and the Indian Archipelago. To the latter districts belongs 

 exclusively the genus Tarsius. The genera Otolicnus, Lichanotus, and 

 Lemur are African. 



The Simidae are all African and Asiatic. The genus Colobus is peculiar 

 to Africa, whilst the genera Presbytis, Semnopithecus, and Hylobates belong 

 exclusively to Asia. 



The Cebiidae are from tropical and temperate South America. 



The group Chiromyidas is composed of one species which inhabits Mada- 

 gascar. 



That of Galeopithecidae also comprises one species, peculiar to the Indian 

 Archipelago. 



With this sketch of the geographical distribution of mammals we close 

 the class of Mammalia, which is the last of the animal kingdom if we except 

 Man, to whose natural history we devote the entire last subdivision of this 

 volume, under the head of Anthropology. 



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