ANGEIOLOGY. 83' 



wards behind the digastric, then curves horizontally backwards between the 

 mastoid process and the atlas, and near the mesial line it ascends on the 

 occiput. It gives off several muscular branches, some to the mastoid and 

 trapezius muscles, several to the deep muscles on the sides and back of the' 

 neck ; and in the occiput it divides into tortuous branches which ascend in 

 different directions in the scalp, and inosculate with the different arteries in 

 that region. 



The posterior miricular artery arises above, often in common with the occi- 

 pital ; it ascends behind the parotid and between the meatus auditorius and 

 the mastoid process ; it divides into several branches which are lost in the ' 

 integument of the ear and in the scalp ; one branch, named the stylo-mastoid, 

 enters the foramen of the same name. 



The inferior or ascending pharyngeal artery arises near the division of the 

 common carotid, ascends vertically to the base of the skull, and sends off 

 several pharyngeal and palatine branches, ending in a small branch which 

 passes through the foramen lacerum posterius, and supplies the dura mater 

 at the base of the cranium. 



The transverse artery of the face arises from the carotid in the parotid gland, 

 and is distributed to the muscles and integument of the face, and joins the 

 branches of the facial artery. 



The temporal artery is one of the two terminal branches of the external 

 carotid ; ascending over the root of the zygoma, about an inch and a half 

 above the zygomatic arch, it divides into an anterior and posterior branch. 

 The anterior temporal is distributed over the front of the temple and arch of 

 the skull, and anastomoses with its fellow of the opposite side, and with the 

 supra-oi'bital and frontal artery. The posterior temporal curves upwards and 

 backwards, and inosculates with the posterior of the opposite side, and with 

 the posterior auricular and occipital artery. 



The interiial maxillary artery ascends obliquely forwards behind the neck 

 of the maxilla between the pterygoid muscles, and gives off the following 

 branches : 1, the middle artery of the dura mater, which, passing through the 

 foramen spinale of the sphenoid bone, divides into two branches which' 

 supply the bones of the cranium and the dura mater; 2, the inferior dental: 

 this passes into the dental foramen and distributes minute arteries to the 

 roots of the teeth. Between the pterygoid muscles it sends off, 8, the deep 

 temporal branches to the temporal muscle; 4, masseteric; 5, i^terygoid ; 6, 

 buccal, to the cheek ; 7, superior dental, to the alveoli and gums ; 8, infra- 

 orbital, to the muscles of the face ; 9, nasal, to the mucous membrane on the 

 spongy bones and the septum ; 10, the superior j^alatine, to the muscles and 

 mucous membrane of the velurn, and to the hard palate; 11, the vidian^ 

 a small branch which passes backwards. These terminating branches 

 of the internal maxillary are entangled with the divisions of the superior 

 maxillary. 



PI. 135, ßg. 1 ', heart ; ', left, ', right coronary artery ; \ pulmonary 

 axtevj cut off; *, arcus aortse; ', arteria innominata ; ', right common 

 carotid ; *, left subclavian ; •, division of the innominata into the rigl^i 

 carotid and subclavian ; ", division of the common carotid into outer and 



789 



