124 ANTHROPOLOGY. 



31. Time: borders on Sound, Eventuality, Locality, and Wit. 



32. Tune : a considerable development enlarging the anterior portion of 

 the forehead, and giving to it an angular shape : said to be very conspicuous 

 in Liszt. It appears to have been pyramidal in Gluck and Haydn, and 

 rounded in Mozart, Viotti, Zumsteeg, Dussek, and Crescentini. 



33. Language : situated on the anterior inferior portion of the anterior 

 lobe of the brain, immediatel}' above the vault of the orbits. In proportion 

 to its development, it depresses the vault of the orbit, forcing out, and giving 

 a fulness to the eyes. 



D. The Intellectual Reflective Faculties. 34. Wit : lies beneath 

 the inferior external portion of Wonder. 



35. Comparison: lies beneath the organ of Benevolence. This and the 

 next organ sometimes constitute a single lump. 



36. Causality : traces the relation of cause and effect, and the dependence 

 of phenomena ; lies beneath Imitation, and borders on Wonder, Benevolence, 

 Comparison, Eventuality, and Time. 



We may characterize the instinct of nourishment^ and the love of life, as 

 acquired faculties. Their supposed locations are indicated by ® and *J« on 

 fig. 19. The regions marked J are uncertain. 



The More Modern Methods of Cranioscopical Investigation. 



The first point to be ascertained is as to the general size of the cranium 

 to be examined, whether it be large, of medium size, or small. We next 

 consider the relative extent of the principal regions of the cranium as already 

 referred to, going into an estimate of the individual organs present, with 

 reference to their length, breadth, and thickness ; by this means we obtain 

 an idea of their mutual relations. The head in question is next to be 

 examined in profile, dividing it into two portions by means of a vertical line 

 {pi. 120, figs. 1, 2, a h\ which extends from the opening of the external ear a, 

 to the central point Z>, of the upper part of the head, corresponding to the 

 intersection of the frontal and sagittal sutures. The posterior surface is the 

 occipital, and the anterior the frontal region ; the extent of each is next to 

 be determined. In fig. 1, the occipital region uhd predominates over the 

 frontal ah c ; the reverse is seen mfig. 2. The former condition is the more 

 common, indicating a preponderance of the animal over the intellectual in 

 man. In each figure now draw lines a c, af ah, a d, from the external 

 auditory meatus ; these lines, by their different lengths, will indicate the 

 different degrees of cerebral development in the different planes of intersec- 

 tion. Next examine the length c d, from the occipital to the frontal region, as 

 also the height of the head a h, from the ear to the vertex. Then divide the 

 head, with respect to its height, into two regions, by means of a horizontal line 

 c d, from the middle of the frontal region to the point of union of the parietal 

 bones and the occiput. The portion below this bone is called the basilar 

 region, that above it the coronal. Of these two regions, the former will usually 

 be found most highly developed ; another indication of the preponderance of 

 the animal. A line ef drawn from the outer corner of the eye, vertical and 

 parallel with a b, indicates the degree of development of the brain in the fore- 

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