INDEX TO ZOOLOGY. 



Perca fliiviatilis ami flavescens, 220; 

 percida;, ib. 



Perch, the, 220 ; Ihe climbing, an In- 

 dian species, 225. 



Percival, rapt., description of the 

 pearl fisheries of Ceylon by, 64, 

 65. 



Percopsida:', 213 ; percopsis, 212. 



Perdicinae, 374 ; perdix rubra and ci- 

 nerea, ib. 



Peripatidae, 09. 



Peripatus, 99, 100. 



Peristomata, 89. 



Perla bicaudata, 167; perlid;c, 166, 

 167. 



Perna, 63. 



Pernis apivorus, 306. 



Perognathiis, 461, 462. 



Peromeles, 261. 



Petalocera, 156. 



Petaurista, 415. 



Petaujus, 415. 



Petrels, the, 388. 



I'etromys, 459. 



Petromyzon, 13 ; P. fluvialilis and 

 ainericanus, 2U7. 



Petromyzontida?, 206. 



Pewee, the, or pewit, a species of fly- 

 catcher, 345. 



Pezoporinae, 361 ; pezoporus forniosus, 

 ib. 



Phacocha'rus, 442. 



PhienicopteriniB, 384 ; pha?nicopterus 

 ruber, 384. 



Pha^nicura ruticilla and suecica, 337. 



Phaeton »thereus, 389; phaetoninie, 

 ib. 



Phatena, 179. 



Phalangers, the, 414 ; the flying, or 

 petaurus, 415. 



Phalangiida;, 125. 



Phalangista, 414, 415; phalangistida\ 

 414. 



Phalangiiira, 125. 



Phalaropes, the, 382. 



Phalaropinae, 382. 



Phalaropus hyperboreus and Wil- 

 son!, 382. 



Phaleris, 388. 



Phaiieroglossa, 257. 



Pharyngognathi, 204, 217. • 



I'hascogale, 417 ; P. inelas, penicillata, 

 &c.. ib. 



Phascolarctos cinereiis, 414. 



Phascolomyid», 414 ; phascolomys 

 w(imbat, &c., ib. 



Phascolotheriura, 412, 419. 



Phasianidas 370; phasianin;p, 372; 

 phasianus colchicus, pictus, and 

 nyctheraeriis, ib. 



Phasinidae, 164. 



Pheasants, the, 370-372, 374. 



Philhydria, 154. 



Philliroidce, 77. 



Philodendra!, 460. 



Philoga!a;, 460. 



Philomela luscinia, 335: P. major, 

 337. 



Philyra, 117. 



Phkeomys, 464. 



Phlogophora meticiilosa. 181. 



Phoca, 15 ; P. vitulina, 480 ; P. lepto- 

 nix, monocha, &c., 481 ; phocidae, 

 480. 



Phoca>na communis, americana, &c., 

 427. 



Phocidae. ability of the, to remain 

 uiKier water a long time, 66. 



Phocodon, 481. 



Phüeiiicopteriis, 15. 



Ph<iladida>, 59. 



PhoUidomyji, 59. 



Pholas, 59. 



Pholis, 230. 



Phonygamin», 350. 



PhryganeidiB, 168. 



Phrynaglossa, 257, 260. 



Phrynlda^, 126. 



Phrvnosoma, 278. 



Phrynus, 126. 



Phtiiirius, 147. 



Phvcis americanus, 219. 



Phyllidiida!, 80. 



Phyllidium, 10. 



Phylliroe, 77. 



Phyllium siccifolium, 164. 



Phyllodactyla, 281. 



I'hyllodoce, 09. 



Phyllomys, 460. 



Phyllophora, 107. 



I'hyllopoda, 1Ü9. 



Phyllornis, 331. 



I'hyllosoma, 114. 



Phyllostoma, 477. 



Phyllunis, 281. 



Physa, 90. 



Physalia physalis, 30. 



Physeter maciocephalus, catodon, 

 &c., 423, 424 ; P. bidens sowerbyi, 

 42H. 



Physidä!, 90. 



Physograda, 30. 



Phytocoris, 189. 



Phytophaga, 160, 162. 



Phytotoma silens, &c., 359 ; phytoto- 

 mina", ib. 



Pica, 15 ; P. caudata, hudsonica, &c., 

 352. 



Picidae, 363; picus, 15; P. villosus, 

 pubescens, &c.. ib. 



Pigeons, the, 367-369; immense 

 flights of wild pigeons, 368 : the 

 cape pigeon, a siiecies of petrel, 

 389. 



Pikas, the, 4.56. 



Pike, the, longevity of, 200. 



Pikes, the, 213. 



Pilot-fish, the, curious propensity of, 

 227. 



PimeliidcB, 160. 



Pimglodus, 199, 216; P. cyclopura, 

 217. 



Pinna, 66, 67. 



Pinnipedia, 480. 



Pinnotheres ostreum, 117 ; pinnothe- 

 rina», ib. 



Piophila casei and pelasionis, 194. 



Pipa americana, 260. 



Pipe fish, the, 232. 



Piper, the, 222. ^ 



Pipilo erythrophthWma, 357. 



I'ipra caudata, melanocephala, &c., 

 347. 



Piprina", 347. 



Pisces, their chief characteristics and 

 orders, 13 ; divided into eartil.i- 

 ginous or chondropterygeous and os- 

 seous, 13, 14; their structure and 

 functions, 197-200 ; their prolific na- 

 ture, 199, 200 ; their longevity, 200; 

 tlieir classification according to Ar- 

 tedi, Linnanis, Cuvier, Agassiz, and 

 Müller, 200-205. 



Pisidinm, 73. 



Pilhecheir, 464. 



Pithecia, 495. 



Pithecus satyrus, 497. 



Pitta brachyura and cyanura, 341. 



Placentalia, 399, 400. 



Plachobranchid», 80. 



Placoids, 202. 



Placunidae, 61. 



Plagiodontia, 459. 



Plagiostomes, 233. 



Plagiostomi, 205, 240. 



Plagusia, 220. 



Plaiiaria cornuta and gracilis, 40; 

 planariidie, ib. 



Planaxis, 83. 



Planida-, 219. 



Planorbis, 90; P. cornuarietis, 60; P. 

 bicarinatus, 89. 



Plant lice, 186. 



I'lantain eaters, the, 360. 



Plaiitcutters, the, 359. 



Plantigrada, 482. 



Planularia falcata, 27. 



Platalea leucorrhodia, 380. 



Platanisla gangetica, 426. 



Plateosaurus, 285. 



Platessa flesus and litnanda, 219. 



I'hiturus laticaudatus, 267. 



Platycercus viridis, 362. 



Plalydactyla, 280. 



PlatVdactylus muralis and guttatus, 

 280. 



Platygonup, 437. 



Plalvonvx, 409; P. cuvieri and minu- 

 tus, 410. 



Platyphyllum concavum, 165. 



Plecotus tiraoriensis, lecontii, &c., 

 477. 



I Plectognathi, 14, 202, 204, 231. 

 I Plectrophanes nivalis, lapponicus, ice, 

 I 358. 



I Pleiodon, 71. 

 Pleodontes, 276. 

 Plesiosaurus, 14, 284. 

 j Plestiodon tasciiitus, americanus, and 



aldrovandii, 273. 

 Plethodon, 255. 

 PleurobranchidiP, 80 ; pleurobranchus, 



ib. 

 Pleurodeles. 256, 288. 

 Pleurodontes, 277. 

 Pleuronecles, 14. 

 Pleuronectida-, 218, 219. 

 Pleurosaurus, 283. 

 Pleuroioma, 86. 

 Pliny the elder, his work on natural 



history, 2. 

 Ploceiiia', 355; ploceus oryx and igni- 



color, ib. 

 PlotincB, 390. 

 Plotus anhinaa, 390. 

 Plovers, the," 378. 

 Plumatella, 54. 

 Plumed birds. Ihe habils and history 



of, entirely unknown, 326. 

 Plumularia aiigulosa, 27. 

 Plusia triplasia and gamma, 181. 

 Plutella, 179. 

 Pueumonobranchia, 89. 

 Poccilocera morbillosa, 165. 

 Pochard, the, or red-headed duck, 



386. 

 Pocillopora polymorph a, 36. 

 Podagerin», 320. 

 Podai'gina>, 320; podargus cinereus, 



ib. 

 Podicepina?, 387. 

 Podiceps 15; P. cristacus. cornutus, 



&c., 387. 

 Podosoraata, 120. 

 Podura, 145. 

 Podurida', 145. 

 Ptecilocampa populi, 181. 

 Ptecilopoda, 12, 111. 

 Pogonias chromis, 199 : P. fasciatus, 



224; P. sulciroslris, 363. 

 Polecat, the, 485. 

 Polia chi,'180. 

 Polistes, 176. 

 Pollack, the. 219. 

 I Pollicipes, 101. 

 ■ Polyborina', 305. 

 I Polyboroides, 309. 

 Polyborus, 306 ; P. braziliensis, 305. 

 Polydesmida", 131. 

 I I'olyergus, 175. 



Polygaslrica, 9; doubts as to the cor- 

 rectness of Ehrenberg's view of the 



structure of, 19, 20. 

 Polymerosomata, 126. 

 Polyodon, 238. 

 Polyommatus, 183, 184. 

 Polypi, 9; description of the habits of 



some of the polypes, 53. 

 Polypiaria iufundibulati and hippocre- 



pia, 54. 

 Polyplectron chinguis, 372. 

 Polypterus, 234, 2.35. 

 Polypus, ths, of the ancients, 



92. 

 Polythalamia, 75 ; general structure 



and abundance of, 76 ; conspicuous 



in a fossil condition, ib. ; classifica- 

 tion of, 75, 77. 

 Polyxenida', 131. 

 Polyzonida;, 131. 

 Pomatobranchia, 81. 

 Pomotis, 221. 

 Pompilus, 173. 

 Pontia cardamines, 184. 

 Porcellanina;, 115. 

 Porcellio, 113. 

 Poicupines, the, 460. 

 Porcus, 442. 

 Por«ee, the, 224. 

 Porifera, the, a name applied by Grant 



to the sponges, 16. 

 Porite» poriles, 36. 

 Porilida\ 36. 



Porphyrie hyacinlhinus, 383. 

 Porpilii, 30. 

 Poi'poises, the, 427. 

 Portuguese man of war, the, 30. 

 Portunina?, 118. 



949 



