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state for various lengths of the oblique eye-muscles, the passive 
lengthening or shortening of the rectal eye-muscles, or conver- 
sely, for various lengths of the rectal eye-muscles the passive 
lengthening or shortening of the oblique eye-muscles. 
The tabular statements, corrected according to this system, have 
been reproduced as curves on fig. 1—4. 
So these curves represent the rectified lengths in m.m. of the 
4 eye-muscles (both oblique and recti super. and infer.) for the three 
rotations of the head above-mentioned. For the obliq. superior only 
the distance from trochlea to the insertion on the bulbus has been 
reproduced. From all this we learn that curves of the obliq. superior 
and obliq. inferior form a true reflexion of each other, that is to 
say that, at the tonic reflex of the labyrinth these muscles act as 
antagonists, the lengthening of the one brings about the shortening 
of the other, and conversely. 
At the same time the curves of the m.m. recti superior and 
inferior show that these muscles too are absolute antagonists. 
If we compare the curves of the oblique eye muscles (fig. 1 and 
2) with the curves, found at a former period for the rotatory 
movements of the eye, we see, that they agree with regard 
to the principal points. Especially the positions of the maxima and 
minima do not show any essential difference; the rotatory move- 
ments and the shortening of the oblique eye muscles are greatest 
when the head with its muzzle points vertically upward or 
downward. At the same time the curves for the rectal eye-muscles 
(fig. 3 and 4) agree with the curves, found before for the vertical 
deviations of the eye. Only the shape of the curve of the eye- 
muscles at rotation III is a little bit more pointed than the shape 
of the curve, found for the vertical deviations. 
However the position of the maxima and minima undergo no 
essential change. The maximum contraction of the two rectal 
eye-muscles takes place when the head is almost in side position. 
Now, comparing the curves of the obliqui and recti, we find the 
following : 
At rotation I (—) the obliqui react strongly whereas the recti 
hardly perform any movement. 
So, at this rotation we find no vertical deviations, but almost all 
of them are rotatory-movements. 
On the other hand, at rotation Il (—.—.) the obliqui hardly 
react at all, whereas the recti superior and inferior perform strong 
movements; so for this rotation the vertical movements prevail, 
whereas rotatory movements do not take place. 
