431 
Inside the supply-pipe of the gas-chamber an amber tube of + 
2'/, em. is fitted for isolation, besides two taps: the one close to the 
cylinder, the other near the main-pipe leading to the gas-chamber. 
The whole cylinder is suspended in a trivet from which it is 
insulated by amber pins. 
The outlet is placed at about 1 m. over a large glass receiving- 
reservoir, in which a zine plate rests on two wooden blocks. This 
tank is connected by a conducting-wire with the metal cylinder. 
In its turn the reservoir is isolated from the environment by a 
paraffin-plate supported on four amber feet. 
The whole apparatus is connected by a conducting-wire to an 
earthed electroscope. 
Thus the cylinder, the receiving-reservoir and the electroscope are 
connected inter se by an electric circuit; they are at the same time 
insulated from the environment. 
The pressure in the air-pump and the gas-chamber, registered by 
a manometer, is brought up to two atmospheres, the cylinder is 
filled with 1 Liter of the liquid to be examined, and the two taps 
in the supply-pipe are opened, so that the liquid in the cylinder is 
subjected to a pressure of 2 atmospheres. Now when the lower tap 
is- turned on, the fluid flows under a high pressure out of the glass 
tube and strikes at an angle of 90° against the zinc plate below it. 
This produces positive or negative electricity according to the nature 
of the liquid and causes a deflection of the electroscope. 
The deflection, registered by the electroscope after 1 minute’s 
perfusion, is taken as the index for waterfall-electricity. 
The entire apparatus being of a rather large capacity the electroscope 
takes some time before deflecting, which does not occur before the 
whole capacity is electrified. This takes more time with some liquids 
than with others. 
For this reason the stopwatch is not put in operation before the — 
electroscope begins to deflect and the liquid then continues flowing 
for a full minute after this. | 
During the experiment the room is well aired, because the air in 
the room is also charged and that in a sense opposite to the charge 
of the liquid. It is obvious that this would greatly interfere with 
the electrification of the liquid in the subsequent experiments. 
Moreover, the receiving reservoir is covered with a close-mesh 
iron gauze, provided with a circular opening in the middle, through 
which the jet passes. This gauze serves to keep back the migrating 
droplets and possible foam, and to allow the extremely hazy nebula 
to spread in the surrounding air. 
