672 



the animal. It appears then that the liquid is slightly alkaline. 



The same can be demonstrated in the following way. Ifl ccofa 

 saturated watery nentralred solution is injected into the back 

 lymphsac, an investigation, half an hour after, brings to light 

 the following facts: skin, muscles, brain and spinal cord are 

 pink, intestine yellow and pink, depending on place and degree 

 of peristalsis, bnt the urine is yellow, and is, therefore, though only 

 slightly, alkalme. When we followed the practice hitherto adopted 

 and transmitted a Ringer fluid containing 0.027o of NaHCO,, the 

 quantity generally used for the heart, then the urine after some 

 time became permanently pink, that is to say, acid. Hence we see 

 that the protective value of NaHCOt 0.02 7o «* ''^ot great enough. 



At the same time it appeared that the acidity of the urine and the 

 diminution or loss of the kidiiei/s retention-power to glucose went 

 hand in hand. As an example we add the following experiment. 



Transmission from the aorta with a sol. of NaGl 0,6 %. NaHCOg 0,02 % 

 KG10,017o> GaClj.e aq. 0,OI6*'/o, and glucose 0,098 "/o, saturated with Og ; no 

 india rubber tube was used; the colour of tlie solution is oorange owing to 

 neutralred. The first urine is yellow and has a reduction of 0,06 "^/o; the latter 

 red, its reduction being 0,090 7(1» in other words: noiv that the urine has become 

 acid., the kidney is found to have lost the power of retaining glucose. 



The obvious course was now to increase gradually the NaHCOj- 

 cone, of the transmission-fluid. It was raised to 0,090 7o- Now we 

 had therefore a transmission-fluid of the following composition : 

 NaCl 0.6 V„, NaHCO, 0.90 7», KCl 010 7o, glucose ± 0.1 7„ and 

 had to discover the suitable CaCl, 6 aq. concentration, Table III 

 contains the results of these experiments. 



In the first place it is observed that a much greater quantity of 

 glucose is retained than before. It amounts to no less than 0.0797o- 

 But this requires a concentration of CaCl, 6 aq. of 0.024 — 0.030 7o- 



Below this concentration and above it little is retained. The CaCl, 

 6 aq. cone, necessary for a maximum glucose retention has, there- 

 fore, risen from 0.015 7, (Cf. tables I and 11) to 0.024 7»- 0.0307„. 

 This need not surprise us for the concentration of ions of Ca is 

 repressed by NaHCO, and the ions of Ca are an important factor. 

 It may, therefoi'e, be said that an increased NaHCOt cone, in a 

 transmission-fiidd luith =fc 0.10 7o of glucose raises the maximum 

 retention from 0.03 7o to an average of 0.06 7o- 



Further increase of the N^aHCOt concentration. 

 We did not stop short, however, at this increase of the NaHCO, 



