( 68 ) 
determined in such a way, that each clump of bacteria, and all 
lower organisms, too, found within a field of 15 microns square, 
were recorded as one single individual, | 
TA BEH Ty 
SOE = Smet a = re : en ae ae 7 CaS pe 
a a. Bie of 0: Sn M= Eg 2 8 > TS 
3) at oa es a Seil cau Serer |e a eas 
= | db | SS 28,8 | s2o8 IES ESES ESE E08 
© gels Sen Pe A ze 
2 iz Seen Ox Ss Gede WEE SSA lac 8 ik 
5 Sa SE Bie Ee Ene Il 
© Sd Py coy oe SE © Bs Su em one. 1.15 as | Soa 
a 9 ens o Ss ANSI NOL We ico Saa daa da 
> be o os] I SSS ° 9.4 ~~ oO bum on oo 2 nm 
oS a=) tata pSaau IS) =e Sado =O ae [SAS oo 
ww == as a S op SS 0 En v 0 = oO 505) ES ey eS 
> a3 o 2 — "T = SE 2 oosl Los oo 5 
© BO z-2 Say S 5 ice ey] Zi Sm | eee EE 
zE |S2 | S822 | Ag |Se"| bea, be |e 
es («= ame Shoes me ofS eee SS: le Ene 
1 10.890 | 25.65 52.400000 | 33.570000 |—-36°/,) 1.083000 47 30 
2 11.915 | 30.41 21285000 15.737000 |—29°/, 800 (26605 | 19670 
3 10.555 22.61 55. 468000 35 147000 |—360/, 20000 | 2772 1756 
4 11.200 | 24.21 | 165.614000 | 71.304000 |—579/, 9900 16728 7201 
5 | 11.200 | 13.92 | 43.842000 | 28.666000 —350/, 58000 | 755 | 493 
From this Table is seen that, by the second way of counting, 
the total number of microscopically found bacteria, as might well 
be expected, decreases, in n°. 2 with 29°/, as minimum, in n°, 4 
with 57°/, as maximum. In spite of this diminution the microscopic 
numbers remain far superior to those of the colonies (grown at 
22° ©. on alk. gelatin), which is clearly demonstrated by the two 
last columns, where for both cases of microscopic counting are stated 
the so-called “proportional numbers” (denoting the number of times 
that the microscopic counting method indicates more organisms 
than Kocu’s plate-method). If thus it cannot be denied that the 
conglomeration and respective distance of the lower organisms must 
diminish the number of colonies on the plates, — on the average 
with 38,6 °/,, a number fairly corresponding with the value (40,2°/,) 
found by Dr. HeuewerTH?) in the use of pure cultures, — still 
1) The faeces of this Table, as also those of all the following investigations, are 
derived from different healthy, full-grown individuals, nourished with mixed food, where 
no further attention was paid to the nearer nature of the nutrition; the faeces were 
examined as fresh as possible, mostly within 2—3 hours after the deposing. 
) L. c. 8. 340. 
