834 CRESSWELL SHEARER. 



the male has seized the female by means of the claspers its 

 grip is immediately rendered secure by the gland secretion, 

 and then the male is only able to free itself from the female 

 with difficulty. Sometimes the male can be seen being carried 

 about by the female, making violent efforts to free itself. 

 The claspers never seem to be used for any other purpose than 

 that of seizing the female, and are never extended to enable 

 the animal to hold more securely when an attempt is made 

 to brush them off the lobster ova. 



B. In the Female. 



The ovary in the female holds the same position in the 

 generative region as the testis in the male. It has a more 

 sac-like appearance, however, and its lining membrane is 

 thicker than in the case of the testis. In the anterior and 

 posterior regions of the segment there is not the great 

 thickening of the wall seen in the male. It is more uniform 

 in thickness, and the contour of the limiting membrane 

 throughout more distinct. In sagittal sections in the median 

 line it appears as a long chamber lying ventral to the gut 

 (fig. 22). 



Foettinger's account of the oviduct and funnel is correct, 

 the funnel being large and collapsible, ciliated on its dorsal 

 side only. It projects downwards into the ventral region of 

 the middle third of the generative segment. Its ventral lip 

 is a short distance from the nerve-cord on either side ; its 

 dorsal lip is the longest, and almost meets that of the 

 opposite side in the median line. The funnel is composed of 

 a large number of flattened cells, a conspicuous one being 

 usually seen in the edge of the dorsal lip. The cilia are 

 remarkably stiff and short. It leads into a small, round 

 ampulla which is usually crowded with spermatozoa. This 

 leads into a still larger one, the walls of which are drawn out 

 in a number of digitations. This functions as a sort of shell- 

 gland. Its lumen is filled with a granular secretion that 

 forms the egg-capsule. A short canal leads from the second 



