BY ,1. W. SUTTON. XI. 



phenomena, its progress being slow until the eighteenth century^ 

 since which time its progress has been rapidly increasing. Prior to 

 this, the greatest advances were in astronomy and physics, then in 

 chemistry, botany, etc., geology not attracting much attention 

 until the beginning of the present century. The nineteenth 

 century has been so prolific in scientific and mechanical invent- 

 ions that doubts may be expressed as to whether the rate at 

 which discoveries and inventions are now introduced will 

 continue, or whether we are becoming too clever and are likely 

 to come to a full stop. But as science knows no finality, so also 

 will invention know no finality, as circumstances increase, and 

 mankind's dominion over tha earth, sea, and air, becomes more 

 pronounced, new wants will arise and new means of supplying 

 old ones will be devised. The time was when science was 

 cultivated only by the few, who looked upon its application to 

 the arts and manufactures as almost beneath their consideration. 

 This they were content to leave in the hands of others who, 

 with only commercial ends in view, did not aspire to further the 

 objects of science for its own sake, but thought only of benefitting 

 by its teachings. Progress could not be rapid under these con- 

 ditions, because the investigator into pure science, rarely pursues 

 his investigations beyond the physical and chemical principle, 

 while the simple practitioner is at a loss to know how to 

 harmonise new knowledge with the stock of information which 

 forms his mental capital in trade. The world owes much to 

 those ardent students of nature, who in their devotion to 

 scientific research, do not allow their aims to travel into the 

 region of utilitarianism and self interest : but it is not to them 

 that we can look for present progress in practical or applied 

 science, it is to the man of science who also gives his attention 

 to practical questions, and to the practitioner who devotes part 

 of his time to the prosecution of strictly scientific investigation, 

 that we owe the rapid progress of the day, the advancement of 

 which has rendered theory and practice, or science and art, so 

 interdependent that an intimate union between them is a matter 

 of absolute necessity for future progress. Theory and practice 

 must go hand in hand. x\lthough it may be somewhat heretical 

 to say, in these days of division of labour, I see no reason why a 

 Bachelor of Arts should not be able to make a door, or a B.Sc. 

 work and attend a lathe. Science and art naturally stand to 

 each other, as cause and effect. Professor Abbe of the U.S. 



