72 AUSTRALASIAN WOODBORING HEPIALIDAK. 



Dorsal spines commence on the posterior edge of Meso and 

 Postthoracic segments, abdominal 1, 2, have an anterior ridge 

 of spines ; 3 to 7 have anterior and posterior series, the spines 

 of anterior series being strongest, and of 7 more so than the 

 others. 



Ventral spines, a few posterior on segment 3, a strong 

 undulating series posterior on 4, 5, G, an anterior discon- 

 nected series and a posterior series on 7, the latter not so 

 strong as those of other segments ; 8 to 10 are smooth. 



(II.) C. eximia pupa appears to correspond in all details 

 of structure with C. daphuandrse. 



(IV.) C. virescens pupa compared with C. daphnandrae 

 has a smaller dorsal segment 1, the spines of the abdominal 

 segments are also stronger in the former, this may be associated 

 with the greater length of the burrows. 



When the time for emergence of the imago arrives, the 

 pupa " by alternately extending and contracting the segments " 

 (Illidge) aided by the spines, forces its way up the perpendicular 

 shaft, through the prepupal operculum and external cover (when 

 the latter has not been removed prior to pupation). The 

 species with short horizontol burrows extend the anterior pupal 

 segments beyond ; C. virescens which usually has long 

 horizontal burrows, remains wholly within the entrance. 



On dehiscence the pupa ruptures longitudinally from the 

 dorsal posterior edge of Mesothorax to the ventral extremity of 

 wing cases, and the sutures of the Pro-meso, and meso-post 

 thoracic segments become partially split, the ventral head 

 piece with antennal case becomes wholly detached, but the 

 leg cases appear to remain intact, though I am not sure that in 

 some instances the cases of first pair of legs become partially 

 severed from the second pair. 



The remarkable identity of strvicture in all stages is a 

 clear indication of very close relationship between Charagia 

 daphnandrfp, C. eximia, C. ramsayi, and C. virescens. 



Explanation of Plate. 



