BY R. ILLIDGE AND AMBKOSE QUAIL, F.E.S. 171 



be imagined the damage to the tree is proportionately great, the 

 wood (Aetiicems majits), however is tough, and despite the 

 removal of the interior by Culama larvae, still looks solid, 

 showing no external evidence of the ravages committed, and 

 Termitidae could not do their work more effectually than do 

 these larvae. 



The larvae under observation were of various sizes 6 to 

 35 mm. Colour : it recalls the larva of Cossus cossus, being 

 bright red and pale pink ventrally, head dark red, jaws brown, 

 scutellum brownish, spiracles, thoracic legs and hooks of 

 abdominal feet brown. 



Shape : Very uniform, flat viewed laterally, broad dorsally ; 

 the head is small retractile ; of the thoracic segments prothorax 

 is longest, mesothorax wi.lest ; 1 and 2 abdominal segments are 

 smaller than thoracic segments, the succeeding six (four of 

 which carry abdominal feet) are ranre robust ; 9 and 10, of 

 course, are terminal and smaller. 



Structure : Head smooth, ocelli pale, in crescent of five 

 with one forward below antenna ; two setae are enclosed by 

 ocelli ; jaws curved dentate ; maxillae, one palpus developed 

 others minute ; labial palpi anterior to spineret, which is short 

 and stout. No perceptible difierence between the organs of 

 caput in this species, and of Endoxyla. 



Prothorax: Scutellum smooth,, anterior transmarginal ; 

 setae three each side, two transposterior setae, one mid lateral 

 near edge of scutellum, anterior to the spiracular position. On 

 each side of the scutellum is a depression less definite, but not 

 unlike in position to the scutellar concavity of Charagia 

 (Hepialidae, Xyloryctina also have similar scutellar depressions) ; 

 also there are three (apparently) rudimentary circular tubercle 

 bases without seta, in arrangement not unlike the scutellar trans- 

 median setae of other Hepialidae. We are not sure that these 

 are on the outer surface or inner (showing through) of the 

 scutellar integument, they would most likely be overlooked, unless 

 one had a knowledge of the Hepialidae, and being observed on 

 all the expresm larvae examined they are at least worth men- 

 tioning. Spiracle is oval, large, not extremely posterior. 

 Prespiracular setae, three in number, smallest near spiracle ; 

 above the legs a longitudinal tubercle bears two setae ; the 

 scutellum of Culama differs from that of Endoxyla. 



Meso and post thoracic segments : the dorsal and sub- 

 dorsal tubercles are duplicate pairs, a little lower a more central 



