172 AUSTRALIAN WOODBORING COSSIDAE 



tubercle and an anterior tubercle ; each bear a single seta, with 

 spiracle scar between, but not so distinct as in Endoxyla ; a 

 lower anterior tubercle bears a single seta. In addition to the 

 typical tubercles, an intersegmental niidlateral tubercle bears 

 two setae in position a little lower than the subdorsal pair of 

 setae. 



Abdominal segments : have two subsegments, the larger 

 anterior subsegment carries all the tubercles, except the posterior 

 trapezoidals which are on the posterior smaller subsegment. 

 Dorsal elevations form the areas from which rise the trapezoidal 

 setae in normal position ; the other tubercles are as in Endoxyla. 

 The minute anterior supraspiracular tubercle with seta is present, 

 but the anterior minute dorsal seta cannot be detected. Ter- 

 minal hooks of abdominal feet are as in Endoxyla, consisting of 

 a single row, each hook having a long embedded shaft with a 

 strong free hook. The anal claspers have hooks only on the 

 inner edge. All setae are smooth. The skin of thoracic 

 segments is spinulose only on dorsal area. 



Pupa of Culiomi e.rpri's.s((. (Plate VII., figures 11, 12.) 



^ length 21 mm. ; greatest width, 8.5 mm. 



Almost unicolorous brown, dorsum rather darker, spines 

 still darker brown ; probably when alive the wing cases are more 

 or less transparent, as in the case with other wood feeders 

 (Charagia) ; preservation in spirits while hardening the tissues 

 renders them opaque. The dorsum curves definitely from 1 to 

 anal segment, ventrally from 7 — 10. Meso thorax has distinct 

 lateral " shoulders," prothorax and head abruptly tapering. 

 The anterior (head) apparatus, which in Endoxyla is very- 

 prominent, is in Culama expressa represented by three parallel 

 ridges passing back to suture of prothorax and ventrally to 

 between eyes, where a raised area carries a depression and ter- 

 minates with a broad chisel-like apparatus. The antennae pass 

 behind the eyes with a very wide curve, and terminate ventrally 

 about the locality of 1-2 abdominal incision, if same could be 

 seen ventrally. The superior wing cases extend from mesothorax 

 to suture 8-4 abdominal segments, rather slightly beyond, but 

 in no way adherent to 4th abdominal. The short maxillae ? 

 and mandible ?, 1st and 2ad pairs of legs, are between the 

 antennae on ventral surface, tips of 3rd pair of legs show between 

 the apices of the wing cases. The dorsal incisions between 1 — 7 

 abdominal segments are distinct, the ventral incisions only 

 between 3 — 7 are so, segments 7 — ^10 are fused into one coherent 



