BY J. DOUGLAS OGILBY. 11 



outer row of strong, well separated, curved, conical teeth ; villi- 

 form teeth on the vomer and palatines ; mandibular teeth similar 

 to those of the premaxillaries, but with the enlarged series 

 reduced to two or three on each side of the symphysis. Nostrils 

 large, patent, well separated, tubular, the anterior with a tentacle. 

 Eye large, anteromedian, sublateral, high ; interorbital region 

 deeply concave without tentacles. Cranial ridges moderately 

 developed, mostly terminating in a spine ; coracoid process with a 

 short stout spine ; no suprascapular spine. Preorbital with two 

 exposed spines, the first short, stout, triangular, directed down- 

 wards ; the second long, strong, acute, and dagger-shaped, reach- 

 ing far beyond the maxillary, and capable of a wide lateral exten" 

 sion, the membranous attachment to the cheek being narrow. 

 Preopercle with five spines, the upper much the longest and ex- 

 posed ; interopercles widely separated ; opercle smooth, with a well 

 developed lobe and two divergent ridges, each of which ends in a 

 small spine ; the surface smooth. Gills four, a small cleft behind 

 the fourth ; even branchiostegals ; gill-rakers reduced to a few 

 spinulose tubercles. Upper pharyngeal bones circular and 

 separate ; lower, subpyriform and contiguous ; both armed with 

 strong conical teeth. Soft dorsal and anal fins without basal scaly 

 sheath ; last ray in each divided to the base. Dorsal fin originat- 

 ing but little behind the eye, elevated in front, emarginate 

 behind, with xvi (xv) 8 or 9 (10) rays, the spines of moierate 

 strength and pungent ; spinous portion of fin about thrice as 

 long as the soft portion ; interspinous membrane deeply cleft 

 anteriorly ; last ray broadly attached to the peduncle. Anal 

 fin with iii 5 or 6 rays ; spines strong, the second longer and 

 stronger than the third ; last ray nearly free. Caudal 

 fin rounded. Pectoral fins well developed, rounded, sym- 

 metrical, undivided; each with 14 rays, the middle the 

 longest ; none of the lovviu- rays simple. Ventral fins moderate, 

 approximate, inserted behind the base of the pectorals, each 

 with i 5 rays ; the spine strong and rather ion^ ; second 

 soft ray longest, the last widely attached to th? wall of the 

 abdomen. Posterior processes of premaxillaries in contact with 

 the frontal bone ; frontal bone with a pair of conspicuous ridges 

 which are approximate mesially but are divergent in front and 

 behind, and are separated from the tympanic ridges by a shallow 

 transverse preoccipital groove, the anterior border of which is 

 formed by the nearly transverse coronal ridges; no supraoccipita 

 crest for the support of the anterior dorsal spine ; suborbital 



