2f)6 



yeasts to Snccharonu/ces cerevisiae (press-yeast), Torula datlila and 

 Torula monosa, and for the sugars to glucose, fructose, saccharose 

 and maltose. Especially the quantitative determination of these 

 sugars, separately or as mixtures will be required in biological research 

 work. Now tliese determinations are possible with tlie 3 yeasts 

 mentioned, with this exception alone, that glucose and fructose 

 are always found togetiier. The first of the 3 yeasts is capable to 

 ferment the 4 sugars, the second the monoses and saccharose and 

 the last ferments only monoses. "^ 



Now Kluyver established, that out of the 4 mentioned sugars in 

 his apparatus nearly the theoretical quantity of carbon dioxide is 

 produced. Certaiidy in our microsaccharimeter we may expect no 

 smaller quantity of this gas, as reproduction of yeast is practically 

 impossible witliin the 6 hours of our experiments, whilst under the 

 circumstances of Ki.uyvek some reproduction may be expected. 

 Therefore we took the theoretical value to make our calculations. 

 This means, that we supposed a yield of 1 cc. of carbon dioxide 

 (of 0° 0. and 760 m.m.) to be equivalent to 4.05 mgr. of absolutely 

 dried liexose (respectively to 4,45 mgr. liexose-hydrate, containing 

 1 HjO) and to 3,85 mgr. of absolutely dried bihexose (respectively 

 to 4,05 mgr. of bihexose-hydrate, containing i H,0). 



^ 5. Numerical illustration. 



Here follow some examples of determinations, which we performed 

 with the microsaccharimeter. We give only a small number of 

 applications of this apparatus on the analysis of natural products, 

 as we intend to publish a more detailed communication on this 

 subject later on. Here we principally mention the results of fermentations 

 with sugar solutions; we took the most pure sugars to be got. Thus, 

 with the numbers published here, we intend to demonstrate the 

 ai)plicability of the method. 



1. A 3 per cent, solution of glucosehydrate was fermented by 

 Torula nioiiosii. The readings were successively: 0,012: 0,070; 

 0,128; 0,133 and 0,436 cc. The last reading was made at 19° C. 

 and under a pressure 'of 767 m.m. 



The gaseous carbon dioxide, present in the apparatus after the 

 fennention, was 0,303 cc. After reduction to 0° C. and 760 mm. 

 this [)ecornes 0,286 cc. The volume of the liquid in the apparatus 

 is found to he 0,116 cc. Thus, the whole volume of carbon dioxide 

 (il 0° and 7tJ0 mm., obtained by the fermentation, may be supposed 

 to he 0,402 cc. 



