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From what I have found in consecutive series of lama, camel 

 and giraffe, I believe I may conclude that spinallj from (he I'*', 

 cervical segment the nucleus accessorii gradually ascends out of the 

 latero-dorsal portion of the anterior horn, and thereby comes to lie 

 on the border of the anterior and posterior horns and that, when 

 once there, it can spread out both in a lateral direction into the 

 substantia reticularis and into the processus postero-lateralis, and in 

 a medial direction towards the central canal. The general opinion, 

 and the one still expressed by Oberstkiner in the latest edition of 

 his text book, viz. that tlie nucleus XI continues frontally into the 

 nucleus ambiguus, I am unable to share. In the first place I have 

 demonstrated the direct transition of the nucleus accessorii and the 

 nucleus motorius dorsalis vagi in Camelidae and much clearer 

 still in the giraffe, and I have, moreover, shown in these animals, 

 and especially in the last-mentioned, the simultaneous presence of 

 ambiguus and nucleus XI. For the same reasons 1 consider the 

 nomenclature in the atlas of Winkler and Potter (Anatomical Guide 

 to Experimental Researches on the Cat's Brain plate 35) in which 

 the nucleus of origin of the nervus accessorius spinalis is called 

 nucleus ambiguus inferior, not a happy one. As regards the connection of 

 nucleus XI with nucleus motorius dorsalis X in the spinal portion 

 of the oblongata I may mention that the observation made by 

 Kappers, who saw this union in embryos of sheep has been con- 

 firmed by myself in a calf's foetus (4'/, months) and that I have 

 again found undoubted indications of sucli a connection in a 

 new-born lamb and in a new-born pig. (fig. 21) 



As regards the spreading of the accessorius nucleus, it will be 

 known that this varies very much in a spinal direction, according 

 to the species of animal : the cerebral pole, however, is also described 

 very differently, v. Gehuchten is of opinion that the frontal pole of this 

 nucleus should lie in the first cervical segment. Darkkwitsch, on the 

 other hand, gave the distal third portion of the oliva inferior, thus 

 quite in the hypoglossus region, v. Bunzl-Federn thinks it reaches 

 as far as the rise of nucleus XII, while Grabower and Ziehen mention 

 the region of the pyramidal decussation. (Ziehen, Nerven-system.) 



In the giraffe this pole can be indicated directly behind the spinal 

 end of the tongue nucleus and the oliva inferior. In any case it 

 may be regarded as an established fact after what I have found in 

 Camelidae, and so clearly and repeatedly confirmed in the giraffe, 

 that the accessorius nucleus has also a bulbar part and that the 

 difference between a nervus accessorius spinalis and bulbaris, chal- 

 lenged by Cajal and Kosaka, is correct. 



