BY C. W. DE VIS, M.A. TO5 
the process perhaps by grappling and holding down the branches 
of shrubs and saplings to enable the mobile parts of the mouth to 
introduce the leafy twigs between the jaws. That the prehensile 
organs of the mouth were largely developed to this or other end 
is clear. ‘The peculiar protuberance on the face edge of the lower 
jaw is significant of a muscular, expansive lip. The depth of the 
mandible and its dilation in front of the teeth would afford space 
for a powerful tongue, and in the lateral wear of the crowns of the 
upper premolar and succeeding tooth we have ample evidence of 
the frictional action and, consequently, protrusibility of that 
member; to the same cause being due, perhaps, the curious 
groove on the outer side of each upper incisor just below the level 
of the gum. Finally, the width of the apertures of the suborbital 
and dental canals testifies to the large size of the vessels and nerves 
distributed to the muzzle, and consequently to the activity and 
tactile sensibility of its several parts. 
The subject of the present notice was discovered by Mr. Kendal 
Broadbent in April last at Chinchilla, on the Darling Downs. <A 
few months at most after death it had come to rest on its side, half 
buried in fine grey sandy silt, mingled with a little black iron sand. 
Not only the lower jaw, but the right moiety of the atlas and part 
of the axis, remained in place and before the exposed parts had 
received much damage from the accidents of the time, the 
whole was protected from further injury by a covering of ferrugin- 
ous sand, ‘lhe crushed and shattered condition of the brain case 
and fragile parts of the mandible seem chiefly to have been the 
results of the pressure and alternate contractions and expansions 
of the matrix during subsequent ages. It would be a task by no 
means difficult to select from among the undermined bones in the 
Queensland collection several which, for all we know to the con- 
trary, might have belonged to the present animal. But the 
temptation to refer any one of them to Owenia Is put aside on two 
considerations—first, the animal seems to have been rare. 
Among a considerable number of unknown teeth there is not a 
single one which can be positively said to have been derived from 
it. In the second place, bones of the trunk and limbs as yet 
unrecognised shew so evidently that there were in existence several 
species or genera of animals of somewhat similar size and general 
relations, that any such determination would be quite hypothetical 
and worse than useless to science. The validity of many refer- 
ences of the kind already made grows more doubtful as materials 
accumulate, and our perception of the wealth of this early quater- 
nary fauna in species is quickened. Cases do undoubtedly occur 
