567 



the metals oust each otlier tVom equally concentratefi solution. We 

 demonstrated, however, that in a theory which assumes the existence 

 of Volta-effects, the quantities derived from the electromotive equilibria 

 should not be considered as the saturation-concentrations of the njetal- 

 ions or as the "Lösungstensionen'. 



The electron equation gives a relation that agrees with equation 

 (2), viz.: 



SO that 



^ = In ^—^^ ........ (7) 



Of course the Volta-effect does not occur in this relation either, 

 SO that when a definite value is assumed foi- the electron cone. {^/.„) 

 in the electrolyte in which the hydrogen electrode is found, the 

 electron-concentration {^L^), which belongs to the other electromotive 

 equilibrium, can be found. 



Equations (4) and (7) are. therefore, not approximate, but perfect ly 

 rigorous, which also appears from the consideration that equation (7), 



from wliich (4) is found by substitution of -r— . for (^9^) , follows 



immediately from the condition for electron equilibrium between the 

 liquids E^ and />,. The derivation of this electromotive force as 

 sum of the potential differences occurring in the circuit was accord- 

 ingly only followed here in order to keep in agreement with the 

 derivation given before. 



4. As appears from a previous communication^), the experimental 

 elec. potential of a Ni-electrode, immersed in an electrolyte through 

 which hydrogen was led, was found equal to the hydrogen potential. 

 In order to account for this fact that the electromotive force E of 

 the closed circuit uickel-electrode-electrolyte-hydrogen-electrode is 

 zero according to our considerations we must show, as follows 

 directly from equation (7), in what way the electron concentration 

 of the nickel equilibrium has become equal to that of tiie hydrogen 

 equilibrium. 



This phenomenon is already explained in a very simple way') 

 by the assumption that the nickel-electrode is, at least superficially, 



^) Smits and Lobby de Bruijn loc. cit. 

 -) Smits and Lobby de Bkuyn loc cit. 



