(.547 ) 
A 
Anarrhichas lupus L., Sea-wolf, 0.665 2 spec. Bergen. The fishermen use io beat 
. Fy OGS lear > - out the teeth of these 
4 ; OVOM 5 somewhat dangerous ani- 
mals; in any case the 
sea-wolves arrive at the 
market alive but not in 
a normal condition. They 
react slowly and die when 
they are too much 
handled. 
Remark. The sea-wolf penetrates at the utmost as far as the coast of Pomerania. 
The average of these 38 observations is A = 0 .7245 or P, = 8.7 
atmospheres. The figures are grouped pretty regularly round this: 
13 between 0.600 and 0.700, 13 between 0.700 and 0.750, 12 
between 0.750 and 0.850. The average lies fairly well at the same 
distance from the two extreme values. By omitting the extreme values 
0.605 for Motella, 0.808, 0.811, 837 and 0.838 for codfish and 
G. virens, which latter pretty certainly are based on pathological 
deviations, the average is only little shifted and becomes 0°.716. 
The differences between the extreme values and the average are 
relatively large, 0.120 and 0.118, about *, of the probable normal 
value. If the 5 extreme figures are rejected, the deviations from the 
new average, 0.716, are only 0.072 and 0.070. We found a similar 
result with the freshwater fishes; only after rejecting the values for 
waranga and trout we obtained an average of 0.499, differing only 
0.041 and 0.035 from the extremes. 
If we bear in mind that these fishes live in a medium of which 
the osmotic pressure is 21 to 23 atmospheres or even more, no one 
will object to ascribing zdeotony to these animals. But the considerable 
oscillations in P,, which we noticed e. g. in the cod, give the impression 
that the power of maintaining ?, at a certain level, is limited. And 
one is involuntarily reminded of the oscillations in somatic temperature 
which homoiothermie organisms show with many disturbances in 
the general well-being. 
There exist in literature still a few data concerning the freezing 
point of the blood of bony fishes living in the sea. borrazzi’) found 
with Charax Puntazzo Gm. — 1°.04 and —1°.035, with Serranus 
gigas L. —1°.035 and — 1°.034, but these figures do not deserve 
1) F. Borraza. La pression osmotique du sang des animaux marins. Arch. ital. 
de biologie 28, p. 67, 1897. 
