194 llOBEKT K. S. LIM 



for about 15 mm. froin the pyloro-duodenal junction along 

 the greater curvature and about 12-15 mm. along the lesser 

 curvature. Beyond these limits small oxyntic cells make their 

 appearance, and about 20 mm. further full-sized oxyntic and 

 peptic cells are met with in large numbers. Here lies the 

 pyloric hmit of the fundic region. 



With regard to the general features of the pyloric glands, 

 they have long tind wide ducts and become more racemose 

 and exhibit more interglandular tissue near the intestine. 

 Lymph-follicles are numerous in this region of the stomach, 

 several being invariably present at the pylorus itself. At the 

 pyloro-duodenal junction the pyloric glands pass through the 

 muscularis mucosae, whiuli is here incomplete, and become 

 Brunner's glands of the duodenum. The lumen of the glands 

 is large, and this, along with their racemose character, serves 

 to distinguish the pyloric glands from those of the cardia which 

 they otherwise resemble. 



The glands of the pyloric region are lined by a single layer of 

 cells, which are columnar or cubical in shape and irregularly 

 reticulated (PI. 8, fig. 4). They are stained in the same way 

 as the cardiac cell, the whole cytoplasm appearing blue with 

 methylene blue combinations and with Mallory, pale magenta 

 with polychrome methylene blue, and colourless with haema- 

 toxylin. As is the case with the cardiac cell, the basal portion 

 of the cell may in some animals be occupied by a second 

 reticulum which stains red with Mallory. This may be seen 

 in fasting and fed animals, but more often in the latter con- 

 dition. The nuclei are irregularly rounded and situated 

 basally. During activity the cell becomes shorter, indicating 

 a discharge of its contents, and the nucleus appears more 

 spherical, i. e. less compressed. 



The similarity between the cardiac and pyloric glands has 

 been noted by many observers (Cobelh (6), Ebstein (7), 

 Schaffer, Stohr (29), and others). Bensley (2, 3) compares the 

 pyloric cells with the cells lining the ' neck ' of the fundic 

 sland as well as with the cardiac cells. On the other hand. 

 Heidenhain (13), Langley and Sewall (15), Kranenberg (23), 



