CLASSIFICATION OF ACTINIARIA 267 



xi, p. 51) describes an A. melanaster, but its systematic 

 position is uncertain. 



Anemonia, liisso. 



Isactinia, Carlgr., IDOU, j). 83. 



Actiniidae with smooth body having a parapet formed by acrorhagi, 

 which cannot therefore be covered up by the margin ; they may vary 

 a good deal in extent of development, and in some cases are almost 

 suppressed, next to invisible. The tentacles may be long, and are 

 typically non-retractile ; their longitudinal musculature ectodermal. 

 Sphincter diffuse or more or less circumscribed or intermediate, not very 

 strong. Retractors variable, may be strong. Gonads may appear from 

 the first cycle onwards. Marked siphonoglyphes not always present, 

 nor directives necessarily. (Sphincter of A. sulcata. Part II, Text- 

 fig. 11, E.) 

 Species : 



A. sulcata, Penn., 1766. ( = Anthea cereus, Ellis and 

 Solander, 1786. See Gosse, 1860, p. 160 ; Andres, 1883, p. 405 ; 

 Pax, 1907, p. 62 ; and Simon, 1892.) 



A. manjano, Carlgr., 1900, p. 41. 



A. theloteria. Pax, 1907, p. 69. 



A. badia, Carlgr., 1900, p. 33. 



A. hemprichi, Klunz., 1877, p. 72. (See Pax, 1907, p. 57.) 



A. carlgreni, Lager, 1911, p. 226. 



A. citrina, H. and S., 1893, p. 125 ; Haddon, 1898, p. 416. 



Possibly A. erythraea, H. and E., and others may come 

 here. Probably Comactis flagellifera, Dana, is only 

 A. sulcata. I have fused Anemonia and Isactinia 

 and made one definition cover both, because I cannot feel 

 convinced of any real distinction between them. The main 

 point seems to be a slightly different grade of sphincter, but it 

 is not enough for separation in a family like this. 



Gyrostoma, Kwiet., 1898, p. 424. 

 Par anemonia, Carlgr., 1900, p. 61. 



Actiniidae with smooth body and a more or less well-marked margin 

 and usually some sort of fosse. There are no acrorhagi, but sometimes 

 the margin is notched. Tentacles simple, their longitudinal musculature 

 ectodermal. Sphincter absent, or diffuse or circumscribed, but not 

 very strong ; sometimes with a mesogloeal tendency though actually 

 endodermal. Retractors weak or strong, diffuse to circumscribed dift'use. 



