DEVELOPMENT OP CHALCIDS 



329 



generally one three-quarters grown, may be found with the 

 egg or larva of a Proctotrypid, or of another Chalcid, on its 

 body. It may be that the second hyperparasite deliberately 

 oviposits upon the larva of the first, if the Aphidius host 



Text-fig. 7. 



Aphid 



^ — 



Aphidius 



Charips \ 



Lygocerus 



Asaphes 

 Pachycrepis 



Diagram to illustrate the bionomical comjilex of an aphid, its parasites, 

 and hyperparasites. Endoparasitism is indicated by a double 

 margin to the host. 



has already succumbed to the attack, and originally I thought 

 that this was the case ; but further observation led me to 

 modify this conclusion. Thus instances of this kind are rare 

 compared with those of simple epiparasitism and attempts 

 to induce the Chalcid or Proctotrypid to oviposit on the full- 

 grown larva of another hyperparasite that had already devoured 



A a 2 



