PARNASSIUS. 



27 



As yet the genus is only known to occur in the mountainous parts of Europe, Asia, and America, the species being 

 most numerous in the Caucasian ranges. Possibly the mountains of North Africa, if of sufficient elevation, will be 

 found to offer some new species. 



The Larv^i, as far as is known, feed on seduras, saxifrages, and fumitories ; they are pubescent, velvety black, with 

 numerous orange spots, and small tubercles. 



The Pup;e are enclosed in a loose silken web, supported also by some transverse threads : they are subcylindric, 

 conic posteriorly, not angular, and, from being covered with bluish powder, very much resemble those of the genus 

 Catocala amongst moths. 



The flight of the Perfect Insects is slow and graceful until disturbed, and very much like that of Pieris Cratasgi. 

 After an unsuccessful attempt to capture them, P. Apollo and P. Phoebus are capable of great speed. Mr. Hewitson 

 informs me that P. Apollo is everywhere abundant in the mountainous districts of Switzerland, and though frequenting 

 the Alpine pastures and grassy slopes, seems to delight also in flying up and down those bare heaps of small stones 

 which mark the course of an avalanche. P. Phoebus, although met with like Apollo on the dry mountain sides, is much 

 more frequently found in marshy spots, and rarely far distant from them. 



P. Mnemosyne is a local species, and has the habit of many of the true Papiliones, of returning repeatedly over the 

 same ground in its flight. They are all three fond of elevated districts, sometimes very near the borders of the 

 glaciers. Fresh specimens of P. Apollo and P. Phoebus may be taken through the whole summer. 



PARNASSIUS Latr. 



1. Par. Apollo Latr. Hist. Nat. des Crust, et Ins. xiv. 110. 



(1805). 

 Godt. Enc. M. ix. 79- n. 1. (1819). 

 Boisd. Sp. Gen. i. 395. n. 1. (1836). 

 P. Ap. Linn. Syst. Nat. 11. 754-. n. 50. (I7C7). 

 Fab. Ent. Syst. in. i. 181. n. 560. (1793). 

 Hiibn. Europ. Schmett. Pap. f. 396, 397. f. 

 730, 731. (1806-27). 

 Mountains of Europe and Northern Asia. B. M. 



2. Par. Nomion Fisch. Ent. Imp. lios. 11. 242. t. 6. (1823-4). 



Boisd. Sp. Gen. 1. 397- n. 2. (1836). 

 Siberia. 



3. Par. Phozbus Godt. Enc. M. ix. SO. n. 2. (1819). 



Boisd. Sp. Gen. 1. 398. n. 3. (1836). 

 Fab. Ent. Syst. m. i. 181. n. 56l. (1793). 

 Hiibn. Europ. Schmett. Pap. f. 684, 685. 

 (1806-27). 

 P. Delius Esper, Schmett. t. 115. cont. 70. 

 f. 5. (1777-1805). 

 Hiibn. Europ. Schmett. Pap. f. 649-652. 

 (1806-27). 

 9 P. Apollo Esper, Schmett. t. 112. cont. 67. f 5. 

 (1777-1805). B. M. 



Alps, Russia, Siberia. 



4. Par. Corybas Fischer, Ent. Imp. Ross. 11. t. 6. f. 1, 2. 



(1823-4). 

 Boisd. Sp. Gin. 1. 399. n. 4. (1836). 

 Kamtschatka. 

 5 Par. Clarius. 



Doritis CI. Eversmann, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. 

 Mosc. xvi. 539. t. 9. f. l.a, b, c. (1843). 

 Altai. 



6. Par. Delphius. 



Doritis Delph. Eversmann, Bull. Soc. Imp. 

 Nat. Mosc. xvi. 541. t. 7. f- la, b. (1843). 

 Altai. 



7. Par. Actius. 



Doritis Act. Eversmann, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. 

 Mosc. xvi. 540. t. 9. f. 2 a, b. (1843). 

 Altai. 



8. Par. Smintheus Doubleday § Hewitson, t. 4*. f. 4. (1847). 



Rocky Mountains. B. M. 



9. Par. Jacquemontii Boisd. Sp. Gen. 1. 400. n. 5. (1836). 



Blanchard, Voy. de Jacquemont. Ins. t. 1. f. 3, 

 4. (1844). 

 Himalayas. 



10. Par. Hardwickii G. R. Gray, Lep. of Nepaul, t. 4. f. 1. 



la. (1831). 

 Boisd. Sp. Gen. 1. 400. n. 6. (1836). 

 Nepaul. B. M. 



1 1. Pah. Helios. 



Ismene He. Nickerl, Ent. Zeit. vii. 207. cum 

 figuris (July, 1 846). 

 Kirguis Steppes. 



12. Par. Mnemosyne Latr. Hist. Nat. des Crust, et Ins. xiv. 



111. (1805). 

 Godt. Enc. M. ix. 80. n. 3. (181 9). 

 Boisd. Sp. Gen. 1. 401. n. 7. (1836). 

 P. Mn. Linn. Syst. 11. 754. n. 51. (1767). 

 Fab. Ent. Syst. in. i. 182. n. 562. (1793). 

 Hiibn. Europ. Schmett. Pap. f. 798 (1806- 

 27). 

 Europe. B. M. 



January, 1847. 



