19G NYMPHALIDiE. 



Anterior Legs of the male densely clothed with long hairs. Femur, tibia, and tarsus about equal in 

 length. Tarsus nearly cylindric, rounded at the apex. Anterior Legs of the female rather less 

 hairy than those of the male. Tibia not quite so long as the femur ; both nearly cylindric ; the 

 former unarmed. Tarsus shorter than the tibia. First joint nearly three times the length of 

 the rest combined, spiny below except at the base ; its apex, as is also the case with the second, 

 third, and fourth joints, armed with a stout spine on each side, covered by a tuft of hairs at the 

 base of the succeeding joint ; second joint spiny below, about one seventh the length of the first ; 

 third and fourth joints shorter than the second, the fourth very obliquely truncate ; fifth joint 

 very short, scarcely visible from below, obtuse. 

 Middle and Posterior Legs moderately robust. Femora of the middle pair rather longer than 

 those of the posterior pair. Tibia of both pairs shorter than the femora ; spiny without, and 

 furnished within on each side with a lateral row of long spines ; spurs stout, long. Tarsi 

 subcylindric ; spiny laterally, and," except the fifth joint, below. First joint considerably 

 longer than the rest combined ; second less than one third the length of the first ; third and 

 fourth about equal in length, half as long as the second ; fifth joint one fourth the length of 

 the first. Claws not much curved, grooved below, strong. Paronychia with the outer lacinia 

 strap-shaped, very narrow, longer than the claw ; the inner shorter, triangular ; both very 

 hairy. Pulvillus two-jointed, not so long as the claw ; the second joint broad. 

 Abdomen about two thirds the length of the inner margin of the posterior wings, subcorneal. 



Larva cylindric; the head armed with two verticillate spines; the second and third thoracic 



and all the abdominal segments also armed with verticillate spines. 

 Pupa angular, tuberculate ; the head bifid. 



Grapta differs from Eurema in the form of its palpi and antenna;, in the open cells of both pairs of wings, and other 

 characters. It is more nearly allied to Vanessa ; from which it may be known by its more excised and angular wings, 

 and its less hairy palpi. 



All the known species have the upper surface more or less brightly fulvous, spotted with black; the lower surface 

 clouded and veined with different shades of brown ; the posterior wings having a more or less angular silvery or pale 

 golden mark, resembling, sometimes, the letter L or C, whence the names L. album, C. album, &c. 



The Larvae, like those of the neighbouring genera, have the second and third thoracic and all the abdominal 

 segments armed with spines, which are set round with whorls of delicate bristles ; that of our British species is 

 remarkable for the colouring of its upper surface, the anterior half of which, like the lower surface, is of a reddish brown, 

 whilst the posterior half is white, slightly tinged with red. The larva of Grapta Progne is described by Dr. Harris, 

 in his valuable Report on the Insects of Massachusetts injurious to Vegetation, as of a pale yellow colour, with a reddish 

 head, and a lateral series of four rust-coloured spots ; its spines being white tipped with black. That of Grapta 

 interrogationis is varied with pale yellow and brown, sometimes one colour sometimes the other predominating, with a 

 pale lateral band ; the head is red, its spines black ; the other spines are yellowish with black tips. Like that of our 

 Gr. C. album, this caterpillar feeds on the common hop, to which it often does great injury. In the summer of 1838, 

 I saw the hops in a garden at Asheville, in N. Carolina, entirely destroyed by it ; and the roof of a long verandah was 

 bung with the pupae, suspended so closely together, that, the webs by which they were attached being united, I pulled 

 them down with my stick in masses of thirty or forty at a time. A large portion were attacked by their brilliant little 

 parasite, to which Dr. Harris has given the name of Pteromalus Vanessa;. The lime, elm, and gooseberry are also 

 eaten by most of the species of which the larva; are known. 



