308 



NYMPHALIDtE. 



The transformations of N. Athamas were observed by Dr. Horsfield in Java, and are represented in his work on the Lepidopterous 

 insects of the East India Company's Collection. The Larva is somewhat more elongated than that of Jason ; the head similarly 

 furnished with four erect horns ; the sides of the body above the abdominal legs marked with two oblique pale stripes, and the body is 

 terminated above by two small obtuse points. The Chrysalis (for a specimen of which I am indebted to Dr. Horsfield) is short and 

 very much swollen, especially the abdominal jiortion, and is destitute of any conical protuberances; the head is very broad, and 

 transversely truncate ; the sides of the body, along the inner margin of the cases of the fore wings, are formed into two sharp edges ; 

 the bodv is terminated by a slender horny appendage, armed at the tip with a great number of minute reflexed hooks, enabling the 

 insect to attach itself to the layer of silken thread it had previously spun on the twig, and at the base of this point are several small 

 rounded tubercles. 



The Larva of N. Fabius, observed by General Hardwicke, as represented in his collection of drawings preserved in the British 

 Museum, is still more elongated, of a green colour above and white below ; the head similarly armed to that of the preceding species. 

 The Chrysalis of N. Bernardus is represented by R. Templeton, Esq., in the Transactions of the Entomological Society, vol. v. pi. 5. 

 fin-. 9. page 44. It is more convex than that of N. Athamas. 



Of the habits of the Perfect Insects we know but little. Their very robust structure, however, at once indicates their powerful mode 

 of flifht. Mr. Smeathmau; in fact, informed Drury that the African species fly in the heat of the day with amazing rajiidity, and 

 seldom descend within eight feet of the ground. They glance from branch to branch with the swiftness of the swallow, turning the 

 head about instantly to the glade or path, and not allowing any person to approach near them, but darting off on the least motion of 

 the body. They, however, soon become more familiar and careless, and are then to be caught upon some particular branch, to which 

 they appear to be more especially attached. 



The species are confined to the hottest regions of the Old World and Australia. Tropical Africa appears to be their chief metropolis, 

 although several splendid species occur in the East Indies. 



The chief variations which occur in the general form of the species arise from the greater or less development of the caudal appendages 

 of the hind wings. The general appearance of the species is that represented in our PI. XL VIII. f. 1., N. Ethalion, from Port Natal. 

 An aberrant species, N. Zoolina, from the same country, is represented in PI. LIII. f. 1. ; of a less robust habit, with the fore wings 

 angulated below the extremity, and the two tails of the hind wings dilated at the tip. N. Bernardus, Nisus, and some other Eastern 

 species, have the tail at the anal angle of the hind wings obsolete, and the other tail varying in length. N. Berenice has the apical 

 margin of the fore wings convex, instead of eniarginate, and the hind wings, towards the anal angle, dilated into a broad subdigitated 

 lobe ; and N. Eupale, Slarica, and Mycerina are entirely destitute of tails. A very remarkable and beautiful new species in the museum 

 of the Jardin des Plantes has the tails well developed, but instead of being straight and j)arallel they are curved, so that the tips of each 

 pair converge, nearly meeting together. It is a native of the Eastern Archipelago, and has been named in AIS. N. De Ilauii. 



NYMPHALIS 



1. XvMPU. Jasuk. 



Papilio Jason Linneeus, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 74.9. n. 26. ; 



Cramer, Pup. t. 329. <"■ A. B. ; JTeslw. in Drury, III. 



9(1 edit. I. p. 2. 

 Papilio Jasius Fahricius, Ent. Syst. iii. pt. 1. p. 6l. n. 



191. ; Drury, III. i. t. 1. f. 1. ; Orhs. Schmelt. von Eur. 



I. 1.51., IT. 18.; Godart, Enc. M. ix. p. 350. n. 1. 



(Nyniphalis J.) ; Boisduval, Ind. Metli. p. 24. n. 180. 



(Chaiaxe.s Jasius) ; Boisduval, Spec. Gen. Lep. pi. ?• 



f. 12., pi. 3 A. f. 9. 

 Papilio Rliea Hiihner, Europ. Schm. Pap. f. Ill, 112. 



580, 581. 

 Eriboea Unedonis Hiihner, Vers, bek Schm. n. 423. 

 Southern Europe, Asia Minor, Barbary. B. M. 



2. Nymph. Epijasius. 



Charaxes Epijasius Boisduval, MS.; E. Doubl. List. Lep. 

 Brit. Mus. App. p. 28. ; Feistliamel in Annal. Soc. Ent. 

 Prance, 1850, p. 257- 

 Senegal, Cazaraanca. B. M. 



3. Nymph. Castou. 



Papilio Castor Fahricius, Gen. Ins. Mant. p. 251., Ent. 



Syst. III. pt. 1. p. 6"3. n. lOfi. ; Godart, Enc. M. ix. 



p. 351. n. 4-. (Nymphalis C); Donovan, Nat. Repos. 



IV. pi.! 16. 

 Papilio Pollux Cramer, Pap. t. 37. f. C. D. 

 Charaxes Pollux Feislhamcl in Annul. Soc. Ent. France, 



18:0, p. 255. pi. y. f. 1. 

 Papilio Camulus Drury, III. in. t. 30. f. 1, 2. 

 Sierra Leone, Congo. B. M. 



4. Nymph. Pollux. 



Papilio Pollux Fahr. Ent. Syst. in. pt. 1. p. 6'3. n. 197. ; 

 Godart, Enc. M. ix. pt. 1. p. 352. n. 5. ; Lucas, Hist. 

 Nat. Lep. exot. pi. 6'2. f. 1. (Nymphalis P.). 

 Papilio Castor Cramer, Pap. 37. f. E. F. 

 Ashanti, Guinea. B. M. 



5. Nymph. Bbutus. 



Papilio Brutus Cramer, Pap. t. 241. f. E. F. ; Godart, Enc. 



M. IX. p. 351. n. 3. (Nymphalis Br.). 

 Ereboea Brutus Hiihner, Fens. bck. Schm. p. 47. n. 422. 

 Sierra Leone, Coast of Guinea. B. M. 



6. Nymph. Lucretius. 



Papilio Lucretius Cramer, Pap. U 82. f. E. F. ; Fahricius, 

 Ent. Syst. in. pt. 1. p. 84. n. 261. ; Godart, Enc. M. 

 IX. p. 352. n. 7. 

 Eriboea Lucretia Hiihner, Vers. hek. Schm. n. 425. 

 Coast of Guinea. B. M. 



7. Nymph. Etheocles. 



Papilio Etheocles Fahricius, Ent. Syst. m. pt. 1. p. 64. 



n. 200.; Cramer, /"«;>. pi. II9. f. D. E. ; Godart, Enc. 



M. IX. p. 355. n. 17- (Nymphalis Eth.). 

 Eriboea Etheoclessa Hiihner, Verx. bek. Sclun. n. 431. 

 Coast of Guinea, Sierra Leone. 



8. Nymph. Ephyra. 



Nymphalis Ephyra Godart, Enc. M. ix. p. 355. n. 18. 

 Charaxes Ephyra Feistliamel in Annul. Soc. Ent. France, 

 1850, p. 258. 

 West Coast of Africa, Cazamania. 



9. Nymph. Etesipe. 



Nyniphalis Etesipe Godart, Enc. M. i.\. p. 355. n. 1,9. 

 Papilio Etheocles Drury, III. in. pi. 10. (but not of Fa- 

 bricius). 

 Sierra Leone. 



10. Nymph. Etheta. 



Nymphalis Etheta Godart, Enc. M. ix. p. 356. n. 20. ; 

 Guerin, Icon- R. An. Ins. p. 477. pi. 78. f. 4. ; Griffith's 

 An. Kingd. Ins. Lep. pi. 2. f. 4. 

 West Coast of Africa. 



11. Nymph. Tiridates. 



Papilio Tiridates Fahricius, Spec. Ins. 11. p. 11. n. 43., 

 Ent. Syst. in. pt. 1 p. 26. n. 195. ; Cramer, Pap. t. I6I. 

 f. A. B. ; Drury, III. 111. t. 23. f. 1, 2. ; Donovan, Ins. 

 of India, pi. 23. f. 3. ; Godart, Enc. M. ix. p. 354. 

 n. 14. (Nymphalis T.) ; Lucas, Hist. Nat. Lep. exot. 

 t. 62. f. 2. ; Boisduval in Delegorgue, Voy. Afriq. 11. 

 p. 593. (Chara.\e3 T.). 

 Ashanti (not Java or Amboyna). B. M. 



