CREMNA, LEMONIAS. 457 



Genus XXXII. LEMONIAS. 



Lemonias, Calospila, Anatole, and Tiiarops E. Douhkdaij. 

 Nympiiidium p. Boisduval MS. 



Body variable in size, robust in some species, as in the typical Nymplialida3, in others slender ; wings considerably 



varied in their colours and markings. 

 Head moderate-sized, liairy. 



Eijes generally naked. 



Labial Palpi generally rather elongated, the tip elevated to about the middle of the eyes, and porrected beyond 

 the hairs of the face, slender, and filiform ; basal portion compressed, scaly, and but slightly hairy beneath. 



Antejince rather long, slender ; annulations scarcely distinct ; terminated by a long, gradually formed, I'ather 

 slender club, straight or but slightly incurved at the tip. 

 Thorax more or less robust. 



Fore Wings generally more or less triangular. Costal margin nearly straight, or but sliglitly curved ; apical angle 

 subacute. Apical margin generally slightly convex and entire. Postcostal vein with only three branches ; the 

 first and second arising before the anterior extremity of the discoidal cell ; the third at some distance beyond 

 it ; the terminal part of the postcostal vein running to the tip of the wing, rather close to the costa. Ui:)per 

 disco-cellular obsolete : middle one arising simultaneously with the upper discoidal vein, forming with the lower 

 disco-cellular nearly a straight line, and uniting with the median vein close to the origin of its third branch. 



Tlind Wings generally subovate ; in some species rather elongated at the anal angle. The postcostal vein curved 

 at its base, so that it appears to arise nearly opposite to the precostal ; forked at a moderate distance from its 

 base. Upper and lower disco-cellular veins slender, forming nearly a straight line from the origin of the branch 

 of the postcostal to the origin of the third branch of the median. 



Fore Legs of the male very small, and densely clotiicd with soft silky hairs. Fore Legs of the female considerably 

 longer, slender, scaly. Tarsus armed beneath with some sliort spines at tiie tips of the joints ; the terminal 

 joints rather attenuated. 



Four Hind Legs moderately long and slender, scaly. The tibia3 not armed beneatli with spines. The tarsi armed 

 as in the fore legs of the female. Ungues and appendages minute. 



I have found it quite impossible to discover any sufficient characters to distinguish the four genera, Tharops, Anatolo, Calospila, and 

 Lemonias, proposed by Mr. E. Doubleday ; neither, although there is considerable variation in the general appearance of the insects of 

 which they were composed, do they exhibit any striking distinguishing feature in their colours or markings to lead to such a separation ; 

 many of them indeed agree in having the fore wings marked with numerous distinct or confluent dark patches on a pale ground 

 (or vice versa), and In having the disk of the hind wings more or less destitute of spots. There is also considerable difference in the 

 size of the body amongst them; since In some it Is as large in proportion as in the typical Nymplialkk-c, thus indicating (In conjunction 

 with the shorter, more robust wings and longer antennie) increased powers of flight ; whilst in others the body is slender, and the winga 

 larger or longer. 



There are some Interesting differences in the colours of the sexes of these butterflies, although only a few species have been 

 received with certain indications of their sexual identification. The males of a fine undescrlbed species (Anatole Pactyas E. 

 Douhled(iij) have the fore wings suffused with orange, with a dusky border to the hind wings ; whereas the female has the spots of 

 the fore wings white, and the lilnd ones almost entirely of that colour. Lemonias Zygla has a large portion of the hind wings near the 

 anal angle white, with a black s[iot near the angle ; whilst the female has the spots of the fore wings larger, and the margin of the hind 

 wings with a broad edge of brown spotted with white, black, and orange. L. Erostratus Boisdural MS., a dark orange- coloured 

 species allied to L. Crispus, exhibits very little difference in the two sexes, except that the female has the dark markings larger and 

 more clearly defined, especially in the hind wings. The butterfly figured in our Plate LXXI. f. 12. as the Arlstus of Stoll_(but whlcii 

 appears to be distinct from that species, and to be the C. leucocyana of Iliibncr's Zntrafje) Is a male Insect, the female being smaller, 

 with shorter wings of a dull uniform pale brown, with small dark marks disposed as In tiie male. I believe this sex is identical with 

 Echenals leucophaja of Hiibner. The butterfly figured by Cramer {Pup. plate 118. fig. F.) has been regarded as the other se.x of his 

 figures D. and E. of the same plate, but these Insects are males of closely allied species. The L. Nepia figured in our Plate 

 LXXIII. f. 2. Is, I believe, the female of one of them. I think it also probable that the insect figured by Hiibner {Samml.ynA. \.) 

 as the female of L. Luclanus is the male of a distinct species, although the shorter and more rounded form of the wings may indicate 

 the contrary. It has been suggested by Dr. liolsduval and E. Doubleday, that the beautiful L. Thormodoe of Hubner is the male of 

 P. Zeanger of Stcjll, which is most probably a female. I have also before me males of another species agreeing with Stoll's figure in 

 colour, but with the markings of the fore wings less decided, and wanting the bluish lines near the tip of the wing. 



I have added P. IMeris of Cramer to this genus, as I can find no better situation tin- It; it agrees indeed with L. Menandcr and Its 

 allies In the metallic ground colouring of its wings ; but its eyes are hirsute, and the hind wings pointed at tiic anal angle. 



