REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGIST AND BOTANIS?. 201 
vigorous growth should be induced by manuring liberally, frequent cultivation of the 
land, and judicious pruning of the trees. On this point Mr. 8. C. Parker, the Secretary 
of the Nova Scotia Fruit Growers’ Association, writes :—‘‘I notice in your report for 
1896 many complaints from Cape Breton, Prince Edward Island, ete., of the Oyster- 
shell Bark-louse. I would like to wager a trifle that in four out of five cases these 
orchards are in grass, perhaps a cow pasture. It is of little use to try to grow trees in 
Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island without thorough cultivation and annual applica- 
tion of fertilizers. I have yet to see a healthy tree growing vigorously that will spend 
any time bothering with bark-lice.” 
The Appie Maceor (7'rypeta pomonella, Walsh), referred to in my last report as the 
cause of considerable injury in Dr. Young’s orchard at 
Adolphustown, Lennox Co., Ont., has apparently not: 
increased during the past season. Dr. Young writess 
‘“‘ September 27.—We have a few of the Apple Maggott 
in the fruits of the same trees as last year, but not 
nearly so many as there were then. We ploughed and 
cultivated the ground last fall, and once in the winter 
when there was quite a thaw, and then again gave it a 
deep ploughing in the spring.” 
Fig. 10.—Fly of Apple Maggot. 
The Apple Maggot is extremely abun- 
dant in the state of Vermont close to the 
borders of the province of Quebec, and 
Mr. J. T. Macomber, of Grand Island, 
Vt., writes to me that “it occurs every 
year and is increasing fast ; in some or- 
chards more than 50 per cent of the fruit 
is ruined. Numbers of the maggots are 
found in each apple tunnelling all through 
the pulp and utterly ruining it, except 
for stock.” Fruit growers in the Eastern 
Townships should be on the lookout for 
any such injury to apples as is shown 
on the cut of an infested apple given 
herewith, or for an insect resembling 
Fig. 10, which shows the fly enlarged. LB) . 
These flies will be found after midsum- Fig. 11. Apple iafasted a ‘Apple Magaet 
mer. They are dark in colour, with yellowish head and legs, with clear white bands across 
the abdomen. They are not very active and may be looked for on the apple trees in late 
summer and autumn. The remedy which is most relied on is the prompt gathering and 
destruction of all windfalls before the maggots leave them to go into the ground. °This 
_ can be done by keeping poultry, pigs, sheep or other stock in the orchard. 
The AppLe Fruit-MINER (Argyresthia conjugella, Z.).—Considerable space in my 
Hp” og last report was de- 
voted to a new enemy 
of the apple which 
in British Columbia 
caused last year great 
anxiety from the ex- 
tentandseriousnature 
of its injuries, which 
closely resemble those 
of the Apple Maggot. 
Last spring the per- 
fect insect was suc- 
Fig. 12.—Apple injured by Apple-fruit Miner, and the same cut open. cessfully reared both 
