220 EXPERIMENTAL FARMS. 
have special buildings in which all trees and shrubs are treated whether known to be 
infested or not. To save time, these buildings are divided into two compartments, so that 
one may be emptied while the stock in the other compartment is being disinfected. 
For treatment of a small number of trees a box may be rendered air tight by pasting 
paper over all cracks and openings. 
4. Lime-Salt-and-Sulphur Wash :—This wash is one of the favourite washes on the 
Pacific coast and has certainly given excellent results in British Columbia. Mr. R. M. 
Palmer has found it most satisfactory for some years and in his last report refers to it 
as follows :—‘ Another year’s experience with the No. 1 spraying mixture (lime, salt 
and sulphur) has added further evidence of its value as a winter wash for all kinds of 
fruit trees and bushes. It is generally noted that so much improvement results from 
its use in the health and vigour of the trees to which it is applied, as alone to justify 
the cost of the work.” 
Mr. Marlatt, when in California, noticed the same good results there in the vicinity 
of Pomona, Cal., where “ unsprayed orchards were badly infested with San José Scale, 
while in adjoining sprayed orchards the scale was entirely killed and the trees were 
rapidly recovering and showing vigorous and healthy new growth. In contiguous 
orchards also of the same kinds of trees which had been cultivated in a similar manner, 
those trees which had been sprayed yearly were at least one-third larger than the 
others.” 
The mixture which Mr. Palmer has found so valuable is as follows :— 
“Time, unslakedt..c.<tee te 30 pounds. 
Sulphur, powdered fy. 207. we ae 3 DONA 
Salt, coarach: Souder ae oe 15 nS 
Wratter co hs Ga ahs tute cetacean 60 gallons. 
“Place 10 pounds of lime and 20 pounds of sulphur in a boiler with 20 gallons of 
water, and boil over a brisk fire for two hours, until the sulphur is thoroughly dissolved. 
It will then be amber-coloured. Next, place 20 pounds of lime in a cask and pour 
enough water over it to thoroughly slake it. Add the salt. When dissolved, add to the 
lime and sulphur, and boil. half an hour longer. Add enough water to make 60 gallons. 
Apply lukewarm. Spray when the trees are dormant, or as soon as the leaves fall, and 
again in the spring before the buds swell. A good force pump should be used, and care 
must be taken to cover the infested trees thoroughly with the mixture, which should be 
constantly stirred when applying. 
“To insure freedom from lumps, it is advisable to pass the mixture through a wire 
sieve or strainer.”—|R. M. Palmer, Insect Pests and Plant Diseases, Victoria, B.C., 1897. ] 
Prof. J. B. Smith also speaks of the good results obtained with this wash on the 
Pacific coast in his Annual Report for 1896, p. 487 :—“‘In Yuba and Sutter counties, the 
lime, sulphur and salt wash is the favourite. The testimony to its efficiency is universal. 
Few claim that a single spraying is absolutely effective; all contend that two sprayings 
will kill practically all the scales. Absolutely perfect work cannot be expected, and so 
there is always a small amount of scale in the orchard ; but, as they have found that the 
use of this wash is beneficial to the trees by seeming to make them more vigorous, less 
liable to fungus attack and, in the case of peach trees, less susceptible to leaf curl, the 
spraying is continued every year, whether the scale is abundant or not. A man who 
does not spray is considered a very poor farmer.” 
The above quotations are given for the benefit of British Columbia fruit growers, 
all of whom are urged to take the fullest advantage of the excellent work which is being 
done by Mr. R. M. Palmer, Inspector of Fruit Pests. His Annual Reports to the Pro- 
vincial Board of Horticulture are indispensible to the farmer, fruit grower and gardener, 
in all parts of the province. 
This valuable remedy of the West, however, it must be acknowledged, has not 
given satisfactory results in the East, Mr. Marlatt even going so far as to say, while 
acknowledging its value in the West :—‘“ Our experience with the wash in the East had 
thrown doubt on its real efficiency as an insecticide, and it has been clearly demonstrated 
that under the climatic conditions east of the Alleghanies it is almost valueless.” 
